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WHAP CH 14

Great Nomadic Challenges

QuestionAnswer
Chinggis Khan Grandson of Kabul Khan; born in 1170s; elected supreme Mongol ruler (khagan) in 1206; began the Mongols’ rise to world power; died 1227.
Tumens Basic fighting units of Mongol forces; made up of 10,000 cavalrymen divided into smaller units.
Tangut Rulers of Xi Xia kingdom of northwest China during the Southern Song period; conquered by Mongols in 1226.
Muhammad Shah II Turkic ruler of Muslim Khwarazm; conquered by Mongols in 1220.
Karakorum Capital of Mongol Empire under Chinggis Khan.
Shamanistic religion Mongol beliefs focused on nature spirits.
Batu Grandson of Chinggis Khan and ruler of the Golden Horde; invaded Russia in 1236.
Ogedei Third son of Chinggis Khan; succeeded him as Mongol khagan.
Golden Horde One of four regional subdivisions of the Mongol Empire after the death of Chinggis Khan; conquered and ruled Russia during the 13th and 14th centuries.
Prester John A mythical Christian monarch whose kingdom supposedly had been cut off from Europe by the Muslim conquests; some thought he was Chinggis Khan.
Ilkhan khanate One of four regional subdivisions of the Mongol Empire after the death of Chinggis Khan; eventually included much of Abbasid Empire.
Hulegu Grandson of Chinggis Khan and ruler of Ilkhan khanate; captured and destroyed Abbasid Baghdad.
Mamluks Muslim slave warriors; established dynasty in Egypt; led by Baibars; defeated Mongols at Ain Jalut in 1260.
Kubilai Khan Grandson of Chinggis Khan; conquered China; established Yuan dynasty in 1271.
Tatu Mongol capital of Yuan dynasty; present-day Beijing.
Chabi Influential wife of Kubilai Khan; demonstrated refusal of Mongol women to adopt restrictive social conventions of Confucian China.
Nestorians Asian Christian sect; cut off from Europe by Muslim invasions.
Romance of the West Chamber Famous Chinese dramatic work written during the Yuan period.
White Lotus Society Secret religious society dedicated to overthrow of Yuan dynasty.
Ju Yuanzhang Chinese peasant who led successful revolt against Yuan; founded Ming dynasty.
Timur-i Lang Last major nomad leader; 14th-century Turkic ruler of Samarkand; launched attacks in Persia, Fertile Crescent, India, southern Russia; empire disintegrated after his death in 1405.
Kuriltai Meeting of all Mongol chieftains at which the supreme ruler of all tribes was selected.
Khagan Title of supreme ruler of the Mongol tribes.
Khanates Four regional Mongol kingdoms that arose following the death of Chinggis Khan.
Battle of Kulikova Russian army victory over the forces of the Golden Horde; helped break Mongol hold over Russia.
Baibars (1223 – 1277) Commander of Mamluk forces at Ain Jalut in 1260; originally enslaved by Mongols and sold to Egyptians.
Berke (1257 – 1266) A ruler of the Golden Horde; converted to Islam; his threat to Hulegu combined with the growing power of Mamluks in Egypt forestalled further Mongol conquests in the Middle East.
Ming Dynasty Succeeded Mongol Yuan dynasty in China in 1368; lasted until 1644; initially mounted huge trade expeditions to southern Asia and elsewhere, but later concentrated efforts on internal development within China.
Created by: mrcooper
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