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Ch-11 Respiratory
Ch-11 The Respiratory System-Medical Terminology-C. Edward Collins Ann DePetris
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the root word for bronchus? | bronch/o, bronchi/o |
| What is the root word for larynx? | laryno/o |
| Two root words for nose | nas/o, rhin/o |
| What is the root word for pharynx? | pharyng/o |
| What is the suffix for voice? | -phonia |
| What is the root word for diaphragm? | phren/o |
| What is the root word for pleura? | pleur/o |
| What is the suffix for breathing? | -pnea |
| What two root words meaning air or lung? | pneum/o, pneumon/o |
| What is the root word for lung? | pulmon/o |
| What is the root word for the sinus cavity? | sinus/o |
| What are three root words meaning thorax, chest? | thorac/o, thorac/i, thoracic/o |
| What the root word the means trachea? | trache/o |
| What are the seven structures of the respiratory system? | nose(nasal cavity),pharynx, larynx, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli,lungs |
| _______ is the process whereby air is brought into the lungs and oxygen and carbon dioxide (a waste product) are exchanged in the blood within the capillaries surrounding the alveoli. | External respiration |
| __________ is the process whereby oxygen and carbon dioxide move between the blood and the body cells. | Internal respiration |
| Air enters the body through the ______, which is lined with small hairs called _____ , and passes into the ____ cavity where it is warmed and moistened. | nose, cilia , nasal |
| _____ coats the lining of the nasal cavity to filter out particles too small to be blocked by the cilia. | Mucus |
| The ______ , also known as the throat. | pharynx |
| What are the three divisions of the pharynx (throat)? | nasopharynx, oropharynx, and laryngopharynx |
| The _______ is posterior to the nasal cavity; the _________ is the middle portion located behind the mouth; and the _________ is the lower portion behind the larynx. | nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx |
| The _______is a cartilaginous structure located between the pharynx and trachea. | larynx(voice box) |
| Also contained in the larynx are the _______. These folds of mucous membrane vibrate as air from the lungs flows over them to produce sound. | vocal cords |
| The space between the vocal cords is termed the _______ | glottis |
| The little leaf-shaped cartilage located above the glottis is called the _______ | epiglottis |
| What is another name for the trachea? | Windpipe |
| The trachea is lined with ______ to help sweep foreign material out of the air passage. | cilia |
| What are the smaller branches of the bronchi? | bronchioles |
| The air terminates in the bronchial tree in tiny air sacs called ____ | alveoli |
| The lungs lie on either side of the heart and are protected by the rib cage. They take up the major portion of the thoracic cavity and are enclosed in the ________. | pleura |
| Covering the lungs is the ______, a membrane composed of two principal layers, called the ______ and the _______ layers. | pleura, parietal, visceral |
| The _________, the space between the two lungs, contains the heart, aorta, trachea, esophagus, and bronchi. | mediastinum |
| The _______, or superior part of each lung, is located at the level of the clavicle. | apex |
| The base, or inferior part of each lung, rests on the __________. | diaphragm |
| ________ (a common English word that when used as a medical term means “physically open”) | patent |
| A “productive” cough is one that occurs when ______ or other secretions accumulate in the lungs and need to be removed for optimal airway ______. | sputum, patency |
| _______ is a mucoid (muc/o means “mucus”; -oid means “resembling” or “like”) discharge from the respiratory tract. Its characteristics are associated with several respiratory conditions. | Sputum |
| ____________ are allied health care professionals who specialize in airway management, mechanical ventilation, and blood acid-base balance. | Respiratory therapists |
| What is the medical term for spitting blood? | hemoptysis |
| What is another name for croup and what age group is affected by it mostly? | laryngotracheobronchitis, children younger than 3 years |
| _________ is an acute infection of the larynx and epiglottis. The infection has a rapid onset and causes swelling of the laryngeal tissues. The patient frequently appears anxious, sits upright, and has a difficult time swallowing. | Epiglottitis |
| ______is a viral infection that may affect both the upper and lower respiratory tracts. It is highly contagious, and some strains are particularly detrimental to the older population. | Influenza |
| _______ also known as whooping cough, is a contagious bacterial infection of the upper respiratory tract. | Pertussis |
| Correct the following: Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by a virus. | caused by bacterium |
| _________ is a genetic disorder in which the lungs become clogged with excessive amounts of abnormally thick mucus. | Cystic fibrosis(CF) |
| ________ is a chronic expansion or dilation of the bronchi or bronchioles that may be caused by recur-rent infections. | Bronchiectasis |
| In _______ , the alveolar walls become chronically distended, leading to destruction and permanently inflated alveolar spaces | emphysema |
| ______ is a bronchial obstructive disease resulting from hypersensitive airways. The bronchi and bronchioles respond excessively to irritants, and the smooth muscle of the airways con-tracts, a condition called ___________. | Asthma,bronchoconstriction |
| ________ is the collapse of a lung or part of a lung, leading to decreased gas exchange. | Atelectasis ( ateles is Greek meaning “incomplete”; -ectasis means “expansion”) |
| _______ refers to an accumulation of air in the pleural space (Fig. 11-8). Pneumotho-rax may be closed (caused by a spontane-ous collapse) or open (caused by a puncture wound). | Pneumothorax |
| Lung volumes are measured with a _______. | spirometer |
| What COPD stands for? | Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease |
| What CF stands for? | cystic fibrosis |
| what ABG stands for? | arterial blood gas |
| __________ Stimulate respiratory secretions to treat dry, irritating coughs. | expectorants |
| __________ agents are used to treat inflammatory and allergic conditions | corticosteroids |
| What CXR stands for? | Chest X-ray |
| What is SOB stands for? | shortness of breat |
| What PFT stands for? | pulmonary function test |
| What is TLC stands for? | total lung capacity |
| What TB stands for? | tuberculosis |
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