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Medieval Africa
Study Guide for Vocab, Events/Dates, People, Places/Geography
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| When was the trade city of Djenne formed? | 300 C.E. |
| What is a kinship? | - a connection of people through blood marriage, or adoption |
| What were Africans most loyal to, their empire or their village and family. | Africans were more loyal to their village and family. |
| Kinships formed the _____________ of many African societies. | Kinships formed the government of many African societies. |
| Which was bigger, a clan or a kinship? | Kinships were smaller; several of them equal one clan. |
| What did village life center around? | farming |
| What were at least three jobs of men and women? | Women - prepared food, made pottery, cared for children, worked in the fields, brought water Men - looked after large animals, hunted, made fences, built houses, cleared fields for farming |
| What were the jobs of children? | Children - gather firewood, helped fathers tend to flocks, helped mothers clean homes |
| What is labor specialization, and what were some specializations in Africa? | Labor specialization is when people focus on one type of specific work. Examples are herding and metalworking. |
| Labor specialization allowed villages to... | trade more, become more wealthy, become a trading city. |
| What did North Africa and West Africa trade? | West Africa: gold, slaves, ivory, cattle hides North Africa: salt, cloth, and metal wares |
| Who controlled trade, and what were their other jobs? | The kings controlled trade, and they were also religious leaders. |
| What were the jobs of griots and why were there griots? | Griots told stories with music and dance through oral history because for many years Africa had no written language. This is the only way clans's stories were passed down from generation to generation. |
| What are the vegetation zones of West Africa? | Desert, Savannah, Rain Forest |
| Define vegetation zone. | - a region that has certain types of plants |
| What large desert goes through the northern section of West Africa? | Sahara desert |
| Why was the Niger River important to the people of the Ghana Empire? | It supplied a way of transportation, had good farming soil, and formed a border. |
| What was found in the Sahara desert? | rich deposits of soil |
| What was found in the Savannah? | crops(millet), good land for raising cattle |
| What was found in the rain forests? | large amounts of gold |
| What animal increased Trans-Saharan trade? | Camel |
| Why is there salt in the Sahara desert? | The Sahara desert was once covered by an ocean, and it left salt behind. |
| What spread with trade? | religion and culture |
| How did the kings of Ghana become wealthy without trade? | taxes |
| How did the kings of Ghana maintain their wealth and power? | claimed ownership of gold, made standing army |
| Why did the people of Ghana need salt? | - kept food from spoiling - made food more tasty - replaces the things that we lose in sweat - used as medicine |
| What city in the desert controlled most of the salt production that was traded to Ghana? | Taghaza |
| The gold miners south of Ghana kept the source of their gold a secret to protect from __________. | thieves |
| What was the name of Ghana's capitol? | Kumbi Saleh |
| How did the kings of Ghana use their gold as a sign of power? | draped horses in gold cloth, woven into hair, shields, crowns, royal court |
| What was the name of the group of salt-trading people that destroyed the capitol of Ghana beginning its decline? | Berbers from Morocco |
| Where did the empire of Mali form? | the southern area of what used to be Ghana |
| Who founded Mali? | Sundiata |
| What did Sundiata do to help his new empire? | re-established the gold-salt trade, made Timbuktu a center of trade and culture, farmers became skilled in cotton farming and weaving. He also practices Islam, but combined the religion with the traditional ancestor worship of the Malinke people. |
| Where was Timbuktu located? | on the Niger River where the desert and savannah met |
| When was the Empire of Mali founded? | 1240 C.E. |
| Who was Mansa Musa? | Mali's most famous king, he came to power in 1312 C.E. |
| Mansa Musa means _________, and what religion did Mansa Musa practice? | Mansa Musa means King Moses, and he was a devoted Muslim. |
| On his pilgrimage to Mecca, Mansa Musa brought: | 12,000 slaves; 80 camels each with 300 pounds of gold; 500 slaves each with a 6 foot golden staff; overall 60,000 people |
| People were impressed by this and they followed Mansa Musa back to Mali. What increased as result of this? | trade increased |
| Mansa Musa brought _____________ and Arab scholars back with him as well. | architects |
| Timbuktu became a center of culture with: | universities that taught Islam, history, law, ans science. |
| Descendants of Mansa Musa fought over who should be the next ruler, and the Empire weakened, the _________ people gradually gained control of a large part of the Niger River and conquered the empire of Mali | Songhai |
| Which nomads captured Timbuktu in 1433? | the Berber nomads |
| In 1468, which Songhai Muslim king drove the Berbers from North Africa out of Timbuktu? | King Sunni Ali |
| Askia Muhammad defeated Sunni Ali's son and became ruler of the Songhai Empire. What did he do during his rule? | took control of the salt mines to the north and expanded borders, organized the government, divided Songhai into provinces and gave each one a governor, set up a bureaucracy, created a standing army |
| Under his rule, which religion spread through the empire? | Islam |
| Askia Muhammad's sons were weak rulers so... | the army of Morocco raided the salt mines and captured Gao and Timbuktu, ending the empire |
Created by:
secretyou
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