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Reif: Ancient Greece
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Polis | A Greek city-state; the fundamental political unit of Ancient Greece |
| Acropolis | A fortified hill in a Greek city-state |
| Agora | The marketplace in a Greek city-state; Where people would come to discuss political issues |
| Aristocracy | Government in which the power is in the hands of a hereditary ruling class |
| Direct Democracy | Government in which citizens directly vote on the issues; Began in Athens |
| Golden Age | A time in a culture of high achievement in arts, literature, and science; Generally occurs in times of peace; Age of Pericles is an example in Ancient Greece |
| Hellenistic Culture | Time period from the late 4th century BCE to the 1st century CE that was characterized by Greek achievement and a blending of Persian, Egyptian, Greek, and Indian cultures due to the empire of Alexander the Great |
| Monarchy | Government in which power is held by a single ruler; Rule is usually passed through heredity |
| Oligarchy | A political system in which the government is under the control of the merchant class. |
| Parthenon | Temple built on the acropolis in Athens which is dedicated to Athena |
| Age of Pericles | Golden Age of Greece; Characterized by advances in architecture, art and literature |
| Trojan War | 10 yr war fought by the Mycenaeans against Troy because a Trojan prince had kidnapped the wife of a Greek king |
| Peloponnesian War | War fought between Athens and Sparta in 431 BC; After 10 yrs of fighting a truce was signed following a outbreak of the plague that killed 1/3 of the Athenian population |
| Persian Wars | Series of wars between Greece and Persia; Most famous battle is the Battle of Thermopylae where Xerxes’s Persian troops were held for three days by a small force of Greek troops; Led to Athenian domination in Greece |
| Minoans | People that lived on the island of Crete; Very powerful within the Mediterranean world; In combination with the Mycenaeans, formed roots of Greek civilization |
| Mycenaeans | People who settled on the Greek mainland ~2000 BC; dominated Greece from ~1600-1100BC; In combination with the Minoans, formed roots of Greek civilization |
| Pericles | Led Athens during its golden age; 3 goals- 1)Strengthen Athenian democracy, 2) Strengthen the empire, 3) Glorify Athens |
| Alexander the Great | (356 BCE-323 BCE) He conquered most of the ancient world from Asia Minor to Egypt and India, which began the Hellenistic culture which was a blending of Greek, Persian, Indian, and Egyptian influences |
| Homer | Blind Greek storyteller; Composed epics such as the Iliad |
| Socrates | Greek philosopher; Developed the Socratic Method which examines situation through a question-and-answer process; Sentenced to death by drinking hemlock |
| Plato | Greek philosopher and student of Socrates; Wrote the Republic in which he describes an ideal society based on social classes; Opened a school called “The Academy” |
| Aristotle | Greek philosopher; Student of Plato and teacher to Alexander the Great; His work provides the basis for the scientific method used today |
Created by:
SReif
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