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Prehistory-Heaphy
Prehistory from Mr. Heaphy's class, World History Honors
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| archaeologist | person who studies remains of ancient civilizations to learn about past/ways of life |
| prehistory | time before history was recorded |
| artifact | man made object that represents stage of human development |
| fossil | trace/fragment of ancient plants/animals |
| society | lasting group of people who have network of relationships with one another |
| culture | way of life, passed on through generations |
| anthropologist | person who studies early humans and ways of society |
| Paleolithic Age | old stone age, time when earliest tools were made of chipped stone |
| nomad | person who constantly moved, no "home" |
| technology | part of a culture that includes tools and skills to make/use them |
| Neolithic Age | new stone age, when people settled in one spot, domesticated, pottered, wove, polished stone tools |
| domesticate | tame wild animals/plants for human use |
| obsidian | smooth, dark colored volcanic glass |
| relative date | determined date of artifact by general means, by layer of soil found in, compare/contrast, etc.; not specific/absolute dating |
| Jarmo | farming village 6750 B.C. in southwest Asia (now Iraq), population 150 people, 25 mud houses, icon of transition from nomadic to domestic ways of life |
| Catal Huyuk | "almost city", found in present day Turkey, population 3,000 people, had obsidian, began to work with metals (copper), proof of religious practice (shrines), arts (sculptures, figurines, decorating, etc.) |
| bipedalism | walking on two legs/upright |
| Persia | politics, economics, religion, society, intellectual, arts |
| homo erectus | human! |
| genus (species) | Sahelanthropus (6 mil, found by Michelle), Ardipithecus, Australopithecus (3.2 mil, found in South Africa) |
| hominids | prehuman, human, apes |
| neanderthal | (homo), 400,000 years ago, one of first homo erectus species |
| homo sapien | about 200,000 years ago, cro-magnon, arcaic homo sapien (old) |
| homo sapien sapien | known as just "homo sapien", us today, larger brains |
| albino | cold (Europe) |
| dark | hot (Africa) |
| methodology | dating |
| absolute dating | 1. carbon 14 (date fossils, other living things 2. potassium argon (rock layers) 3. tree rings (dendochronology) |
| relative dating | 1. stratigraphy (ash layers) 2. typology (comparing "types") 3. geology (rocks) 4. paleo botoganist/tologist (pre historic) |
| J. Blumenbach | European - 1779, created races/social construct |
| 1. ethiopian | black |
| 2. caucasian | white |
| 3. american | red |
| 4. mongolian | yellow |
| 5. malasian | brown |
| "Venus of Willendorf" | oldest known figurine created by Homo Sapiens |
| "neolithic revolution" | Neolithic Age, when chipped stone became polished stone |
| 1st Domesticated Animals | goats, pigs, cows, chicken |
| domesticated animals benefits | food, milk, hide, power |
| Dhralebanon | Neolithic Age site |
| Geography's affect on agriculture | good soil, climactic changes, seasons, irrigation = INFLUENCES TECHNOLOGY! |
Created by:
brooke.abrantes
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