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Haman Ch5
Mr. Haman's class, Ch.5 vocab and Study guide
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| An isogloss is | a boundary between language regions. |
| The principal concentration of french-speaking North America is? | Quebec |
| Nearly half of the people in the world speak a language in this family | Indo-European |
| List all of the Latin-based romance languages | Italian, Romanian, Spanish, French, and Portuguese |
| What modern languages spread globally as a result of religion? | Arabic |
| A collection of languages within a language branch that share a recent common origin and have relatively few differences in grammar and vocab is a? | language group |
| one culture that uses an ideographic method of writing is? | China |
| A regional variant of a language is known as a? | language dialect |
| When groups of speakers of a single language are isolated from each other each group may develop? | 1. New grammar rules 2. different pronunciation of words 3. unique vocabulary |
| approximately how many countries use English as an official language? | 40 |
| Most english-speaking countries around the world speak british english because? | The british colonized many countries |
| one of the most obvious ways for a culture to exert its influence on the landscape in an urban area is to? | make sure businesses signs are written in english |
| Problems with the Chinese ideographic writing systems include | in order to be literate, a person must memorize thousands of symbols. |
| Dialects are local variants in languages that differ in their | vocabulary.spelling.pronunciation.speed at which the language is spoken |
| American English has adopted distinctinve vocabulary from which of the following languages? | Spanish language.French language.Yiddish language.Native American languages. |
| A common language that is used among speakers of different languages for the purpose of trade and commerce is called a | lingua franca |
| The use of French as an official language in Senegal demonstrates the | amount of power the French wielded over its colony. |
| official languages are? | used by the government for use in its daily business |
| Problems with multi-lingual states include | increased costs for printing government signs and literature in multiple languages. antagonism between speakers of the different languages. confusion, as some place names are identified differently in the different languages. |
| Spanglish is? | a mixing between Spanish and English, involves converting English words into spanish forms, spoken by many hispanics in the US, an example of hierarchial diffusion |
| What is an example of a revived language? | Hebrew |
| Cultural groups often work to protect their languages because? | their oral history will be lost if it is not preserved, and because language is an essential part of their culture's identity |
| A pidgin language... | has limited vocabulary, has few,if any, grammar rules, is a simplified language based on two different languages, is not the first language of any person |
| A creole language... | is a pidgin language that has evolved to become a groups first language |
| What are some examples of creole language? | Afrikaans, Swahili, Bazaar Malay, Hatian Creole |
| British English and American English are similar in their? | pronunciation, vocabulary, spelling |
| Early English was influenced by these groups | Vikings, Angles, French, Saxons |
| what is a language? | A system of communication through speech, a collection of sounds that a group of people understands to know the same meaning |
| What is a literary tradition and how does it contrast with language? | System of communication through speaking, literary is through writing |
| Why do some countries designate an official language? | To have a common language that they can use for laws, reports, and public objects |
| What is a dialect? | a regional variation of a language distinguished by distinctive vocabulary, spelling, and pronunciation. |
| What are the major branches of the indo-european language family? | indo-iranian, romance, germanic, and balto-slavic |
| What are the two theories of the origin and diffusion of the indo-european languages? | Nomadic warrior thesis and the Sedentary farmer thesis. |
| What is the Nomadic warrior thesis? | Having a Kurgan hearth. The Kurgans infiltrated into Eastern europe, then later into central and south western europe. |
| What is the Sedentary Farmer thesis? | Having a Anatolian hearth in Turkey which spread into Europe and some of central Asia |
| Where is the Sino-Tibetan family found? And an example of a language in the family. | China Mandarin |
| Where is the Afro-Asiatic family found? + example | Middle East Arabic |
| Where is the Altaic family found? + example | Asia Turkish, Mongolian, Tungus |
| Where is the Uralic fmaily found? + example | along the ural mountains Hungarian |
| Where is the Niger-Congo family found? + example | Africa Swahili |
| Where is the Nilo-Saharan family found? + example | North central Africa Maasai |
| Where is the Austronesian family found? + example | Southeast Asia Malay-Indonesian |
| What is an extinct language? | A once in use -even in the recent past,- but no longer spoken or read in daily activities by anyone in the world. A good example is the Gothic language |
| How was english diffused? | expansion diffusion |
| Creole | a pidgin language that has become the native language of a speech community |
| Dialect | a variety of language that is distinguished from other varieties of the same language by a feature of phonology, grammar, and vocabulary and by its use by a group of speakers who are set off from others geographically or socially |
| Indo-European Languages | a family of several hundred related languages and dialects, including most of the european languages and english |
| Isogloss | a line on a map marking the limits of an area within a feature of speech occurs, as the use of a particular word or pronunciation |
| Language | a body of words and the system for their use common to people who are of the same community or nation, the same geographical area or the same cultural tradition |
| Language family | any group of languages that derive from a common ancestor |
| Language group | a collection of languages within a branch that share a common origin in the relatively recent past and display few differences in grammar and vocabulary |
| Language subfamily | A division of languages below a family and above a branch |
| Lingua Franca | an auxilary language that come into existence through the attempts by the speakers of two different languages to communicate and that is primarily a simplified form of one language with a reduced vocabulary and grammatical structure |
| Linguistic diversity | a variety of languages used in one area |
| Monolingual | only knowing or being able to use one language |
| Multilingual | using or being able to speak several or many languages with facility |
| official language | a language that is specifically designated to be so in the constitution of countries, states, and other territories |
| Pidgin | any language that is widely used as a means of communication among speakers of other languages |
| Toponym | the place names of a region or language and/or the study of such place names |
| Trade Language | a language (especially a pidgin) used by different speakers of different native languages for communication and commercial use |
| What is the US's official language? | They don't have one |
Created by:
adrienne97
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