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Intergumentary Syst

Integumentary System

QuestionAnswer
The integumentary system is made up of? 1. Skin. 2. Hair. 3. Nails. 4. Sebaceous glands (sebum-oil). 5. Cerumenous glands (cerumen earwax). 6. Sudoriferous glands (sweat).
The skin is? 1. Flexible 2. waterproof 3. Protects the body from ultraviolet (UV)light. 4. Protects the body from many chemicals and microbes. 5. Regulates temperature (evaporation.
The outermost layer of skin is called the? epidermis.
The epidermis is composed of? epithelial cells.
Epithelial cells reproduce by? mitosis
Newer epithelial cells push upward where they slowly? necrose.
Newer epithelial cells push upward where they slowly necrose this process is called? keratinization.
These keratinized cells are constantly being? sloughed
Skin sloughing helps rid the body of? pathogens.
The second layer of the skin is called the? dermis AKA corium
The dermis (corium)consists of? connective tissue (collagenous + elastin fibers).
The function of collagen is to? bind skin cells together.
Embedded in the dermis (corium) are? 1. blood vessels. 2. nerves. 3. lymph vessels 4. hair follicles 5. sebaceous glands (sebum). 6. sudoriferous glands
The next layer of the skin is called the? subcutaneous (subQ or subcu)AKA hypodermis.
The subcutaneous tissue (hypodermis) consists mainly of? adipose tissue (fat).
The subcutaneous tissue (hypodermis) attaches the? dermis (corium) to the underlying muscles.
The fibrous connective tissue of the body is called? fascia.
When skin is subjected to an excessive amount of abrasion or friction, a thickened area develops called a? callus (calluses).
Skin pigmentation (color) is genetically determined by the amount of? melanin produced.
A genetic mutation causing an absence of melanin production is called? albinism.
A bluish discoloration of the skin caused by hypoxia or hypothermia is called? cyanosis (cyanotic).
Excessive hemolysis of erythrocytes or hyperbilirubinemia causes a yellowish orangish discoloration to the skin and/or sclera called? xanthoderma or jaundice or icterus (kernicterus).
Hair is a characteristic of all? mammals.
Oh humans, hair can be found on the entire body EXCEPT for the? 1. Palms. 2. Soles 3. Glans penis.
The average human produces? 7 miles of hair/year
Hair is composed of the? 1. The shaft. 2. Root. 3. Follicle.
The shaft is the? visible portion of the hair.
The root is found in the? epidermal tube.
The follicle is where? mitosis occurs.
Attached to each hair follicle is the arrector pili muscle which causes the hair to? "stand on end" causing a "goose flesh" appearance when we get scared or cold.
Genetics will control? 1. Hair color. 2. Hair texture. 3. Hair loss (alopecia).
The visible part of a nail is called a? nail body.
The part of a nail that grows is called a? nail bed.
The base of a nail is covered by tissue called a? cuticle AKA eponychium.
onychocryptosis is? an abnormal condition of an ingrown (hidden) nail.
onychomycosis is? an abnormal condition of a nail(s) caused by fungus.
paronychia is? a condition of nail disease.
cicatrix (cicatrices)? scar (s)
ulcer? an erosion of the skin or mucous membrane.
Decubitus ulcer is AKA bedsore or pressure sore (ulcer).
Decubitus ulcers commonly occur on bony prominences (pressure points) such as? 1. Coccyx (tailbone). 2. Calcanei (heel bones). 3. Olecranons (Holy Crayon) (elbows) 4. Scapulae (shoulder bone) 5. Occipital bone (back and base of the cranium {skull}). 6. Pelvis (ilia and ischia).
Ecchymosis (ecchymotic) is a black + blue mark caused by bleeding under the skin AKA? hematoma or contusion or bruise.
Edema (edematous) means? tissue swelling caused by an accumulation of fluid.
Pitting edema is? fluid accumulation where indentations occur after light palpation.
What is a keloid? an exaggerated or hypertrophied scar
Keloids are associated with? surgery and 3rd degree burns.
eschar (otic) means? necrotic tissue caused by a burn.
macule (macular) means? flat usually erythmatous (red) lesion.
What is a papule (papular)? solid skin elevation (raised) <1cm.
What is a nevus (nevi)? mole(s) or birthmark(s)
What is a nodule (nodular)? large papule >1cm.
What is a petechia(e)? pinpoint skin hemorrhage(s)
What does purpura (happy cat) mean? a combination of ecchymosis and petechiae.
What does pustule (pustular) a papule filled with pus.
What does abscess (abscesses) mean? a collection of pus.
What does verruca(e) mean? wart(s)
What does pallor mean? paleness.
What does vesicle mean? a fluid filled epidermal elevation AKA blister or bulla (>1cm) or bleb (<1cm).
What is an abrasion? mechanical superficial damage to the skin AKA "scrape"
What does excoriation mean? Chemical superficial damage to the skin such as "diaper rash".
What does cellulitis mean? inflammation of the skin cells.
What does urticaria mean? urticaria
hives are AKA? wheals.
Urticaria is an indication of an? allergic reaction.
What is a cyst? a thickening or lump.
what is a furuncle? a bacterial infection infection of a hair follicle AKA a boil, carbuncle (car load), cluster of furuncles
Gangrene (gangrenous) means? putrefaction (rot) caused by tissue necrosis and bacterial proliferation.
What does laceration mean? tissue that is cut, torn, or ripped.
What is an avulsion mean? tearing any part of the body away from the whole.
What does xeroderma mean? dry skin
What does ichthyosis means? dry scaly skin.
What does crustation(s) mean? scab(s).
What does vitiligo (Michael Jackson) mean? localized loss of skin pigmentation characterized by milk-white patches.
Created by: Penny S
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