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Reif:ME Religions
Judaism, Hinduism, Buddhism
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Vedas | A Hindu holy book which is a collection of Aryan hymns that were transmitted orally before being written down in the 6th century BCE. |
| Brahmins | Hindu priests |
| Brahman | In Hinduism, Brahman is the name given to the “universal soul” which all gods are part of |
| Buddha | “Enlightened one." See also Siddhartha Gautama. |
| Buddhism | Developed in India; Believe in an endless cycle of reincarnation and one is reincarnated until they can achieve nirvana, or spiritual enlightenment; Do not believe in deities; Caste System is rejected by Buddhists |
| Caste System | A rigid socio-economic division of society in Hinduism; One is placed in a caste by your previous karma; Was outlawed in the Indian Constitution due to discrimination among the lowest castes but still continues |
| Dharma | The act of fulfilling one's duty in life; Associated with Hinduism and Buddhism |
| Eightfold Path | Code of behavior for followers of Buddhism |
| Four Noble Truths | Siddhartha's Gautama’s/Buddha’s philosophy which describes human suffering and its relation to desire; Is articulated by four statements |
| Karma | Actions in this life resulting from the consequences of a previous life’s actions; Associated with Hinduism and Buddhism |
| Moksha | |
| Nirvana | In Buddhism, spiritual enlightenment when the soul stops reincarnation |
| Untouchables | In Hinduism; People that have been removed from the Caste System due to bad karma in previous lives; Unclean work is reserved for these Outcasts; Indian constitution states that "Untouchability is abolished and its practice in any form is forbidden." |
| Upanishads | Hindu holy book that helps to explain the Vedas |
| Covenant | Agreement between the Hebrews & God that if the Hebrews accepted & practiced the Ten Commandments, God would protect them as his chosen people; Accepted by Moses |
| Torah | Jewish holy book; Also known as the Old Testament to Christians |
| Polytheism | The belief in many gods or goddesses; Ex. Hinduism |
| Monotheism | The belief in one god or goddess; Judaism |
| Ten Commandments | Covenant or agreement between God and the Hebrew people; Basis for religious and moral law |
| Exodus | The movement of Hebrews out of slavery in Egypt led by Moses |
| Abraham | Considered the “father of the Hebrews”; Moved the Hebrews to Canaan |
| King Nebuchadnezzar | Babylonian king who captured the Jewish Kingdom of Judah in 586BC |
| King Solomon | King of Israel known for building Solomon’s Temple which is believed to have held the Ark of the Covenant |
| Moses | Hebrew born in Egypt during a time when the pharaoh decreed that all Hebrew babies be killed; Mother put him in a basket on the Nile R.; Found & raised by Egyptian princess; Led the Hebrews out of slavery in Egypt; Received the Ten Commandments |
| Siddhartha Gautama | Founder of Buddhism; Born into an upper caste & led a luxurious lifestyle but was troubled by the misery he saw; Deduced that desire was the cause of suffering; Devised the Four Noble Truths & eightfold Path; AKA Buddha |
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