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SS Chpt 2

Study Guide Chapter 2 flash cards--- EC

QuestionAnswer
What is the Fertile Crescent? The Fertile Crescent is a fertile farmland
Where is the Fertile Crescent? It extends from the Persian Gulf to the Mediterranean Sea.
What is Mesopotamia (literally)? Mesopotamia is an ancient region of southwest Asia between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers.
What does Mesopotamia refer to, and who named it Mesopotamia? It refers to "the land between rivers" and the name was given by Polybius.
Why is the Fertile Crescent fertile? They had very much water supplies from the Tigris and Euphrates rivers.
What is a silt and what does it have to do with the flooding? A silt is a mixture of rich soil and tiny rocks. Floods on the Tigris and Euphrates rivers bring silt to land.
What is division of labor? It is the type of arrangement in which worker specializes in a particular task or job.
What is cuneiform? Cuneiform is the world's first system of writing.
How was cuneiform used? It was first used to keep records.
How did cuneiform start out? They first counted the number of sheeps and goats.
What is a scribe? A scribe is a writer.
List details of the job of a scribe. They were hired to keep track of records such as trade and laws.
The Plow The plow was used by Sumerians. It is pulled by an oxen, which breaks through for the hard clay soil of Sumer to prepare it for planting.
The Sun-Dial Invented by the New Babylonians/Chaldeans. An instrument that indicates time by the shadow cast by the sun. This helped the people of Chaldea to know time.
The Wheel They were first built to build wheeled vehicles by the Sumerians.
Siege Warfare Warfare that happened due to Assyrians.
Battering-rams Heavy beam used to batter down walls and gates. They were used by the Assyrians.
Moveable Towers Used for military by the Assyrians
Hanging Garden of Babylon Built by Nebuchadnezzar, a king of Chaldeans. One of the 7 wonders of the Ancient World.
Chariot A wheeled horse-drawn cart used in battles by the Hittites.
What did the Sumerians contribute to Mathematics? They developed the Math system based on the number 60. Based on this system, they divided a circle into 360 degrees. Dividing a year into 12 months -a factor of 60- was also the Sumerians' idea. They also calculated the areas of rectangles and triangles.
What are Ziggurats? Ziggurats were pyramid-shaped temple towers.
Why were Ziggurats tall? They were tall as it was believed to link Heaven and Earth.
Where were Ziggurats located (literally)? They were located in city centers of city-states.
Which ruler created the "Hanging Gardens of Babylon"? Nebuchadnezzar created the Hanging Gardens of Babylon.
What were the Hanging Gardens of Babylon? They were gardens built around his house.
What is the difference between polytheism and monotheism? Polytheism is the worship of many gods, while monotheism is the worship of only one god.
What is an empire? An empire is a land with different territories and people under a single rule.
How is an empire different from a city-state? A city-state consists of a city and all the country side around it, while an empire has different territories with all people under a single rule.
Who is Akkadia's significant leader? He is Sargon.
What are some important facts and details of Akkadia? ・They were the first to conquer Mesopotamia. ・They adopted Cuneiform. ・It was founded by Sargon. ・It was the first empire of the world. ・Akkadia fell from power after Sargon's death. ・2300~2100 B.C.E
Who was the significant leader of Babylon? He was Hammurabi.
What are some important facts and details of Babylon? ・They extended their rule across the Fertile Crescent. ・They standardized law and the region through the Code of Hammurabi. ・It was an important trade center. ・There was social hierchy. ・1800~1500 B.C.E
What are some important facts and details of Hittite? ・From Asia Minor:Conquered Fertile Crescent. ・Used horses, iron, and improved chariots. ・Sacked Babylon. ・1650~1200 B.C.E
What are some important facts and details of Assyria? ・They ruled the Fertile Crescent with brutality. ・They destroyed Babylon. ・They set places and rules, and restricted women. ・They created the first extensive library. ・They had extensive postal system and spy network. ・1100~612 B.C.E
Who was the significant leader of Chaldea? He was Nebuchagnezzar.
What are some important facts and details of Chaldea? ・They rebuilt walls, irrigation, and Babylon rules. ・Defeated Assyrians ad controled the Fertile Crescent, but not for long. ・Region in lower valley of Euphrates and Tigris Rivers. ・Came to control after bloody battles. ・612~539 B.C.E
Created by: 1726845516
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