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Ch.11 Eyes & Ears
Medical Terminology Ch. 11 The special senses Eyes and Ears
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| the process where by the eyes make adjustments for seeing objects at various distances | accommodation |
| also known as adnexa oculi, include th orbit, eye muscles, eyelids,eyelashes, conjunctiva, and lacrimal apparatus | adnexa |
| is a dimness of vision or the partial loss of sight without detectable disease of the eye | amblyopia |
| is any error of refraction in which images do not focus properly on the retina | ametropia |
| is a condition in which the pupils are unequeal in size | anisocoria |
| is acondition in which the eye does ot focus properly because of uneven curvatures of the cornea | astigmatism |
| is drooping of the upper eyelid | blepharoptosis |
| is the loss of transparency of the lens | cataract |
| also known as internal hordeolum, is a localized swelling of the eyelid resulting from obstruction of one of the sebceous (oil-producing) glands of the eyelid | chalazion |
| pinkeye, inflammation of the conjunctiva | conjunctivitis |
| is the surgical repair of the conjunctiva | conjunctivoplasty |
| is the simultaneous inward movement of the two eyes (towards each other), usually in an affort to maintain single binocular vision as an object comes nearer | convergence |
| is the inflammation of the lacrimal ssac and is associated with faulty tear drainage | dacryocysitis |
| double vision | diplopia |
| is the eversion(turning outward) of the edge of the eyelid | ectropion |
| is the normal relationship between the refractive power of the eye and the shape of the eye that enables light rays to focus correctly on the retina | emmetropia |
| is the inversion (turning inward) of the edge of the eyelid | entropion |
| cross-eyed, the characterized by an inward deviation of one eye in relation to the other | estropia |
| inflammation of the eustachian tubes | eustachitis |
| walleye, is outward deviation of one eye relative to the other | exotropia |
| a surgical procedure in which a new opening is made in the labyrinth of the inner ear to restore hearing | fenestration |
| is a group of diseases characterized by increased introcular pressure resulting in damage to the optic nerve and retinal nerve fibers | glaucoma |
| blindness in one half of the visual field | hemianopia |
| stye, is an infection of one or more glands at the border of the eyelid | hordeolum |
| farsightedness, is a defect in which light rays focus beyond the retina | hyperopia |
| a dye injected into the vein in the arm, and pictures are taken as the dye passes through the blood vessels in the retina | intravenous fluorescein angiography |
| is the surgical removal of a portion of the iris tissue | iridectomy |
| inflammation of the iris | iritis |
| inflammation of the cornea | keratitis |
| radial keratotomy, used to correct myopia | keratotomy |
| the surgical removal of the labyrinith | labyrinithectomy |
| inflammation of the labyrinth that may result in vertigo and deafness | labyrinithitis |
| surgical removal of the mastoid cells | mastoidectomy |
| inflammation of the mastoid process | mastoiditis |
| is a chronic disease of the inner ear characterized by three main symptoms: attack of vertigo, a fluctuating hearing loss, and tinnitus | Meniere's syndrome |
| color blindness | monochromatism |
| nearsightedness, is a defect in which light rays focus in front of the retina | myopia |
| is the surgical removal of the mastoid cells | myringectomy |
| inflammation of the typmanic membrane | myringitis |
| also known as a tympanectomy, the surgical removal of all of pary of the tympanic membrane | myringotomy |
| night blindness | nyctalopia |
| is an involuntary, constant, rhythmic movement of the eyeball | nystagmus |
| specializes in diagnosing and treating diseases and disorders of the eye | ophthalmologist |
| holds a Doctor of Optometry (OD) degree and specializes in measuring the accuracy of vision to detemine whether corrective lenses or eyeglasses are needed | optometrist |
| inflammation of the ear | otis media |
| swimmers ear, a fungal infection of the external auditory canal | otomycosis |
| the surgical repair of the pinna of the ear | otoplasty |
| is the flow of pus from the ear | otopyorrhea |
| bleeding from the ear | otorrhagia |
| is ankylosis of the bones of the middle ear resulting in a conductive hearing loss | otosclerosis |
| Choked disk, is swelling and inflammation of the optic never at the point of entrance through the optic disk | papilledema |
| extend, wide open | patulous |
| is the use of ultrasonic vibration to shatter and bread up a catarect making it easier to remove | phacoemulsification |
| is a progressive hearing loss occuring in old age | presbycusis |
| the changes in the eyes that occur with aging | presbyopia |
| buildup of pus in the middle ear | purulent otisis media |
| laser treatment to reattach a retina | retinopexy |
| inflammation of the sclera | scleritis |
| blind spot, ia an abnormal area of absent or depressed vision surrounded by an area of normal vision | scotoma |
| surgical removal of the stapes | stapedectomy |
| squint, is a disorder in which the eyes cannot be directed in a parellel manner toward the same object | strabismus |
| is an adhesion that binds the iris to any adjacent structure | synechia |
| the surgical removable of a segment of the tarsal plate of the upper or lower eyelid | tarsectomy |
| is the partial or complete suturing together of the upper and lower eyelids | tarsorrhaphy |
| a ringing, buzzing, or roaring sound in the ears | tinnitus |
| a test that measures intraocular pressure (IOP) | tonometry |
| to treat open-angle glaucoma, creating an opening that allows fluid to drain properly to prevent pressure buildup within the eye | trabeculoplasty |
| surgical removal of all or part of the tympanic membrane also known as a myringectomy | tympanectomy |
| the surgical puncture of the tympanic membrane with a needle to remve fluid from the middle ear | tympanocentesis |
| is an indirect measurment of acoustical energy absorbed of reflected by the middle ear | tympanometry |
| surgical corection of a damaged middle ear | typanoplasty |
| the use of an audiometer to measure hearing | audiometry |
| pediatric ear tubes, tiny ventilating tubes placed through the eardrum to provide ongoing drainage for fluids and to relieve pressure that can build up after ear infections | tympansostomy tubes |
| is a symptom of several conditons, is described as a sense of whirling, dizziness, and the loss of balance | vertigo |
| also known as dry eye, is drying of eye surfaces characterized by the loss of luster of the conjunctiva | xerophthalmia |
| eyelid | blephar/o |
| hearing | -cusis |
| lacrimal sac, tear sac, | dacryocyst/o |
| iris | irid/o |
| cornea | kerat/o |
| to measure | -metry |
| eyes | ophthalm/o |
| vision condition | -opia |
| ear/hearing | ot/o |
| old age | presby/o |
| false | pseud/o |
| retina, net | retin/o |
| sclera, white of the eye, hard | scler/o |
| turn, change | trop/o |
| tympanic membrane, eardrum | tympan/o |
| right eye | OD |
| left eye | OS |
| each or both eyes | OU |
| right ear | AD |
| left ear | AS |
| each or both ears | AU |
| specializes in the measurement of hearing function and the rehabilitation of persons with hearing impairments | audiologist |
| is a physician who specialized in the care of the ears, nose, and throat | otolaryngologist |
| also known as the eye socket, is the bony cavity of the skull that contains and protects the eyeball and its associated muscles, blood vessels, and nerves | orbit |
| the angle where the upper and lower eyelids meet | canthus |
| is where the eyelids meet nearest the nose | inner canthus |
| the vertical fold of skin on either side of the nose | epicanthus |
| also known as the tarsal plate, is the platelike framework within the upper and lower eyelids that provides stiffness and shape | tarsus |
| is the muscous membrane that lines the underside of each eyelid and continues to form a protective covering over the exposed surface of the eyeball | conjunctiva |
| also known as the tear apparatus, consists of the structures that produce, store, and remove tears. | lacrimal apparatus |
| are located above the outer corner of each eye. The glands secrete lacrimal fluid,also known as tears, that maintains moisture on the anterior of the eyeball. | lacrimal glands |
| is the normal continous secretion of tears by the lacrimal glands | lacrimation |
| are the ducts at the inner corner of each eye. These ducts collect tears and drain then into the lacrimal sac | lacrimal canlaiculi |
| white of the eye | sclera |
| transparent anteroir portion of the sclera | cornea |
| Also known as the uvea, is the vascular layer of the eye. It includes the chorid, iris, and ciliary body. | uveal tract |
| is the pigmented (colored) muscular layer that surrounds the pupil | iris |
| the black circular opening in the center of the iris that permits light to enter the eye | pupil |
| also known as the crystalline lens, is the clear, flexible, curved stucture that focuses images on the retina | lens |
| is the sensitive inner nerve layer of the eye located between the posterior chamber and the choroid layer at the back of the eye | retina |
| is the clearly defined yellow area in the center of the retina | macula lutea |
| is the pit in the middle of the macula lutea | fovea centralis |
| blind spot, is the region in the eye where the nerve endings of the retina gather to form the optic nerve | optic disk |
| second vranial nerve (CN II) transmits the nerve impulses from the retina to the brain | optic nerve |
| is located behind the inner surface of the cornea and in front of the iris | anterior chamber |
| is located behind the iris and the front of the lens | posterior chamber |
| also known as aqueous humor | aqueous fluid |
| is the ability of the lens to bend the light rays to help them focus on the retina- also is an examination procedure to determine an eye's refractive error and the best corrective lenses to be prescribed | refraction |
| is used to measure visual acuity | Snellen chart |
| the general term used to describe the surgical removal of a cataract-clouded lens | lensectomy |
| is the absence of the lens of the eye after catarct extraction | aphakia |
| is an eye in which the natural eye lens is replaced with an (IOL) | Pseudophakia |
| is a plastic lens that is surgically implanted to replace the natural lens | intraocular lens (IOL) |
| also known as the auricle, is the external portion of the ear, catches sound waves and transmits them into the external auditory canal | pinna |
| earwax | cerumen |
| eardrum, located between the outer and middle ear | tympanic membrane |
| three small bones found in the middle ear, Malleus-hammer, Incus- anvil, Stapes-stirrup. | auditory ossicles |
| auditory tubes, narrow tubes, which lead from the middle ear to the nasopharynx, equalize the air pressure in the middle ear with that of the outside atmosphere | eustachian tubes |
| inner ear, contains the sensory receptors for hearing and balance | labyrinith |
| located under the base of the stapes, is the membrane that separated the middle ear from the inner ear | oval window |
| the spiral passage that leads from the oval window | cochlea |
| eardrum | myring |
| testing involves one ear | monaural |
| testing in both ears | binaural |
| fluid builup in the middle ear that may follow acute otitis media or be caused by an obstruction of the eustachian tube | serious otitis media |
| is an inflammation of the middle ear usually associated with an upper respiratory infection that is most commonly seen in young children | acute otitis media |
| chorid layer or chorid coat, is the opaque middle layer of the eyeball | chorid |
| is a physician who specialized in te care of the ears, nose, and throat | otolaryngologist |
| pertaining to the eye | ocular |
| outside the eyeball | extraocular |
| within the eyeball | intraocular |
| is an injury, such as a scratch or irritation, to the outer layers of the cornea | corneal abrasion |
| is a pitting of the cornea caused by infection or injury. | corneal ulcer |
| the most common form of glaucoma, the trabecular meshwork becomes blocked | open-angle glaucoma |
| the opening between the cornea and iris narrows so that fluid cannotreach the trabecular meshwork | closed-angle glaucoma |
| is the removal of a cloudy lens that leaves the posterior lens capsule intact | extracapsular cataract extraction |
| is the removal of a cloudy lens including the surrounding capsule | intracapsular cataract extraction |
| is one in which the outer or middle ear does not conduct sound vibrations to the inner ear normally | conductive hearing loss |
| is the result of the loss of denditive hairlike cells of the inner ear (caused by repeated exposure to very intense noise such as aircraft engines, noisy equipment, and loud music | noise-induced hearing loss |
| nerve deafness, is a symptom of problems affecting the inner ear | sensorineural hearing loss |
Created by:
LenaA
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