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Ch 10 History Notes
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 18th century philosophical movement of intellectuals who were greatly impressed with the achievements of the Scientific Revolution impacted the world | The Enlightenment |
| his theory of knowledge was written in his Essay Concerning Human Understanding. he argued that every person was born with a tabula rasa or blank mind. suggested people were modeled by experiences. | John Locke |
| French name meaning "philosopher" | philosophe |
| tried to use scientific method to find the natural laws that govern the social and political relationships of human beings. came up with the separation of powers. | Montesquieu |
| fought against religious intolerance. greatest figure of the Enlightenment. | Voltaire |
| created a 28-volume collection of encyclopedias | Denis Diderot |
| to let (people) do (what they want). | laissez-faire |
| gave government 3 basic roles: protect (army), defend citizens (police), keeping up public works(ex: roads). FOUNDER OF MODERN ECONOMICS. | Adam Smith |
| philosophy based on reason and natural law. | deism |
| argued that people had adopted laws and government in order to preserve their private property. | Rousseau |
| an entire society agrees to be governed by its general will. | social contract |
| founded Methodism | John Wesley |
| art that emphasized grace, charm, and gentle action | rococo |
| German musician. composed music and was the director at the Church of Saint Thomas | Bach |
| German musician in England. best known for religious music. | Handel |
| spend most of adult life as musical director for Hungarian princes. wrote "The Creation" and "The Seasons". | Haydn |
| Child musical prodigy. famous for operas. | Mozart |
| rulers tried to govern by Enlightenment principles while maintaining their royal powers. | enlightened absolutism |
| well versed in ideas of Enlightenment. abolished use of torture except in treason and in murder cases. granted limited freedom of speech and press. also, greater religious toleration. | Fredrick the Great |
| inherited throne in 1740. strengthened Austrian Empire. | Maria Theresa |
| Maria Theresa's son. abolished serfdom, eliminated the death penalty, established the principle of equality of all before the law. ALL OF HIS STUFF FAILED. | Joseph II |
| took throne when her husband, Peter III, was killed. ruled Russia from 1762 to 1796. | Catherine the Great |
| took advantage of Austria having a woman on the throne and invaded it. | King Frederick II |
| war from 1740 to 1748 | War of the Austrian Succession |
| treaty agreed to return all occupied territories to their original owners. except Silesia( Prussia refused to give it back) | Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle (1748) |
| Britain's prime minister. convinced that the French colonial empire would have to be destroyed for Britain to create its own colonial empire | William Pitt |
| offspring of European and Native American | mestizos |
| a nun that believed in women's education | Sor Juana de la Cruz |
| dynasty after Stuart dynasty failed | Hanoverian |
| served as head of the cabinet (prime minister) in 1721- 1742 and pursued peaceful foreign policy | Robert Walpole |
| battle that starts American Revolution in 1775 | Battle of Lexington and Concord |
| Second Continental Congress on July 4, 1776 written by Thomas Jefferson | Declaration of Independence |
| battle that ended American Revolution in 1781 | Yorktown |
| treaty signed in 1783 | Treaty of Paris |
| in 1789, the new Congress |
Created by:
brookedot96
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