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Shoulder Region O&I
Shoulder Region - Origins and Insertions
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Anterior Deltoid | origin: 1/3 acromial end of clavicle insertion: deltoid tuberosity of humerus |
| Anterior Deltoid Main Action | Shoulder Flexion (humerus) |
| Middle Deltoid | origin: acromion (scapula) insertion: deltoid tuberosity of humerus |
| Middle Deltoid Main Action | Shoulder Abduction (humerus) |
| Posterior Deltoid | origin: inferior surface of scapular spine insertion: deltoid tuberosity of humerus |
| Posterior Deltoid Main Action | Shoulder Extension (humerus) |
| Pectoralis Major | origins: 1/2 sternal end of clavicle, sternum, costal cartilage of ribs 1-6 insertion: lateral lip of intertubercular sulcrus of humerus |
| Pectoralis Major Main Actions (4) | - internal rotation of shoulder - shoulder adduction (humerus) - horizontal adduction of shoulder (hug) - shoulder flexion (humerus |
| Latimus dorsi | origins: spinous processes of vertebrae T7 to L5, sacrum, posterior iliac crest, inferior angle of scapula insertion: inferior portion intertubercular sulcrus of humerus |
| Latimus dorsi Main Actions (4) | - internal rotation of shoulder (humerus) - shoulder extension (humerus) - adduction (humerus) - scapula depression |
| Superior Trapezius | origins: occiput, ligament nochae of vertebra c1-c6, spinous process of vertebra C7 insertion: 1/3 acromial end of clavicle |
| Superior Trapezius Main Action | scapular elevation (shrug) |
| Middle Trapezius | origins: spinous process of vertebrae T1-T5 insertions: lateral portion of scapular spine, acromion (scapula) |
| Middle Trapezius Main Action | scapula adduction |
| Inferior Trapezius | origin: spinous process vertebrae T6-T12 insertion: superior surface medial portion of scapular spine |
| Inferior Trapezius Main Action | scapula depression |
| Rhomboids Minor | origin: spinous processes C7 - T1 insertion: medial border at base of scapular spine |
| Rhomboids Minor Main Action | scapula adduction |
| Rhomboids Major | origin: spinous processes T2-T5 insertion: medial border of scapula from base of spine to just above inferior angle |
| Rhomboids Major Main Action | scapula adduction (retraction) (in synergy w middle trapezius) |
| Levator Scapulae | origin: transverse processes vertebrae C1-C4 insertion: superior angle of scapula |
| Levator Scapulae Main Action | Scapula elevation |
| Bicep Branchii | origin: short head - coracoid process long head - supraglenoid tubercle insertion: radial tuberosity (radius) |
| Bicep Branchii Main Action | Shoulder Flexion |
| Tricep Branchii | origins: long head - infragelnoid tubercle (scapula) medial head - posterior diaphsys (humerus) lateral head - 1/2 superior lateral surface of diaphsys (humerus) insertion - olecranon (ulna) |
| Tricep Branchii Main Action | Shoulder Extension |
| The functional unit of the shoulder complex is made up of what 3 bones ? | - Clavicle - Scapula - Humerus |
| The functional unit of the shoulder complex is made up of what 3 'true' joints ? | - sternoclavicular - acromioclavicular (junction to scapula) - glenohumeral (btwn glenoid cavity of scapula & humerus) |
| What are the 2 'false' joints that make up the functional unit of the shoulder complex? | - scapulothoracic (not attached) - sub-acromial (the space btwn acromion and humerus) |
| Name the 13 MAIN muscles of the shoulder complex | deltoids (anterior/middle/posterior) - pectoralis major - latimis dorsi - trapezius (superior/middle/inferior) - rhomboids (major/minor) - levator scapulae - biceps branchii - triceps branchii |
| The spine is composed of how many MOVEABLE bones? (and how many immobile) | 24, plus the scarum and the coccyx (which are fused) |
| The spine is seperated into what 3 main regions? and how many vertebra for each region? | cervical region ( C1-C7 ) thoracic region ( T1-T12 ) lumbar region ( L1-L5 ) |
| How many PAIRS of ribs form the thoracic cage ? | 12 pairs |
| Of the 12 pairs of ribs forming the thoracic cage, how many are 'true ribs' ? | 7 pairs of true ribs |
| What defines a 'true' rib ? | They are attached to the sternum through costal cartilage |
| How many pairs of 'false' ribs form the thoracic cage? | 3 pairs (ribs 8, 9, 10) |
| What defines a 'false' rib | They are attached to sternum via the cartilage of ribs 7 |
| How many pairs of floating ribs make up the thoracic cage ? | 2 pairs ( ribs 11 and 12) |
| What are the 3 types of ribs that make up the thoracic cage, and how many of each ? | true ribs ( 7 pairs ) false ribs ( 3 pairs ) floating ribs (2 pairs) |
| What defines a floating rib ? | They are not attached to the sternum, and end in the muscular abdominal wall |
| ACTION: shoulder flexion (humerus) Main Actors: (3) | -Anterior Deltoid -Pectoralis Major -Biceps |
| ACTION: shoulder extension (humerus) Main Actors: (3) | -Posterior Deltoid -Latimus Dorsi -Triceps |
| ACTION: shoulder abduction (humerus) Main Actor: | Middle Deltoid |
| ACTION: shoulder adduction (humerus) Main Actors: (2) | -Pectoralis Major -Latimus Dorsi |
| ACTION: shoulder internal rotation (humerus) Main Actors:(2) | -Pectoralis Major -Latimus Dorsi |
| ACTION: shoulder horizontal adduction (humerus) Main Actor: | Pectoralis Major |
| ACTION: scapula depression Main Actors:(2) | -Latimus Dorsi -Inferior Trapezius |
| ACTION: scapula elevation Main Actors:(2) | -Superior Trapezius -Levator Scapula |
| ACTION: scapula adduction Main Actors: (3) | -Middle Trapezius -Rhomboids Minor -Rhomboids Major |
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