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Pearson Chap. 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Agricultural Density | The ratio of the number of farmers to the total amount of arable land. |
| Arithmetic Density | The total number of people divided by the total land area. |
| Base line | An east-west line designated under the Land Ordinance of 1785 to facilitate the surveying and numbering of townships in the United States. |
| Cartography | The science of map making. |
| Concentration | The spread of something over a given area. |
| Connections | Relationships among people and objects despite the barrier of space. |
| Contagious Diffusion | The rapid, widespread diffusion of a feature or trend throughout a population. |
| Cultural Ecology | Geographic approach that emphasizes human-environment relationships. |
| Cultural Landscape | Fashioning of a natural landscape by a cultural group. |
| Culture | The body of customary beliefs, social forms, and material traits that together constitute a group's distinct tradition. |
| Density | The frequency with which something exists within a given unit of area. |
| Diffusion | The process of spreading a feature of trend from one place to another over time. |
| Distance Decay | The farther away a phenomenon travels from it's origin the less important it becomes. |
| Distribution | The arrangement of something across Earth's surface. |
| Environmental Determinism | An approach to geography that argues that physical science laws could be used to explain and study how the physical environment causes human activities. |
| Expansion Diffusion | The spread of a feature or trend from one place to another through a snowballing process. |
| Formal (Uniform/Homogeneous) | An area with one or more shared characteristics. |
| Functional (Nodal) Region | An area organized around a node or focal point. Centered around a specific point or thing. |
| Geographic Information System (GIS) | A computer system that stores, organizes, analyzes, and displays geographic data. |
| Global Positioning System (GPS) | A system that determines the precise location of something on Earth using satellites, tracking stations, and receivers. |
| Globalization | Actions or processes that involve the entire world and result in making something worldwide. |
| Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) | The time in that zone encompassing the prime meridian, or at 0' Longitude. |
| Hearth | The origin of an innovation. |
| Hierarchical Diffusion | The spread of a feature or trend from an important person, or place. |
| International Date Line | An invisible line following 180' longitude that sets the time backwards or forward 24 hours depending on the direction you're heading. |
| Land Ordinance of 1785 | A law that divided the U.S. into a system of townships. |
| Latitude | The numbering system indicated by parallels, or lines running from north to south, to measure the distance (N&S) from the Equator. |
| Location | The position of something on Earth's surface. |
| Longitude | The numbering system that indicates the distance (E&W) from the prime meridian, measured by meridians or lines running from East to West. |
| Map | A flat, 2D representation of Earth and Earth's surface. |
| Mental Map | A representation of an area based on an individuals knowledge of a place. Not accurate. |
| Meridian | An arc drawn on a map running between the North and South poles. |
| Parallel | A circle drawn around the globe parallel to the equator. |
| Pattern | The geometric arrangement of something in a region. |
| Physiological Density | The number of people per unit of arable land. |
| Place | A specific point on Earth, Distinguished by it's characteristics. |
| Polder | Land created by draining water from an area. |
| Possibilism | Theory stating that the environment sets limits on human activities, but humans are capable of adapting and choosing different courses of action. |
| Prime Meridian | The 0' meridian that runs through the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, England. |
| Principal Meridian | A north-south line created in the Land Ordinance of 1785 to help survey and number the townships. |
| Projection | The system used to transfer "Earth" onto a flat map. |
| Region | An area distinguishable by it's unique features or trends. |
| Regional Studies (Cultural Landscape) | An approach to geography that focuses on the relationships between social and physical phenomena. |
| Relocation Diffusion | The spread of a feature or trend through human movement. |
| Remote Sensing | The gathering of data through long distance means or by satellite. |
| Resource | A substance in the environment that is useful for people and accessable. |
| Scale | The relationship between the size of something being studied compared to the whole. |
| Section | A 1 by 1 square of land created during the Land Ordinance of 1785; divided townships into 36 sections. |
| Site | The physical character of a place. |
| Situation | The location of a place compared to another. |
| Space | The gap between two objects. |
| Space-Time Compression | The reduction in the amount of time it takes for something to reach a distant place, recently caused by improved technologies and transportations. |
| Stimulus Diffusion | The spread of the underlying principle even though the trend itself doesn't catch on. |
| Toponym | The given name of a place. |
| Township | A 6 by 6 square created by the Land Ordinance of 1785. |
| Transnational Corporation | A company with it's headquarters in one country but with multiple factories elsewhere. |
| Uneven Development | The gap between economic conditions in peripheral and core regions. |
| Vernacular (Perceptual) Region | An area people believe exists as part of their cultural identity. |
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