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lab values peds
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| rbc: hemoglobin values (g/dl) | neonate: 20 1-6 months: 13 5-8 years: 14 13-18 years: 15 highest at birth, then decrease; starts increasing at age 5 |
| rbc: hematocrit value (%) | neonate: 60 1-6 months: 40 5-8 years: 42 13-18 years: 47 high as neonate, then decreases; start increasing at age 5 |
| rbc: rbc (mill/mm3) | neonate: 6 1-6 months: 4 5-8 years: 5 13-18 years: 5 high as neonate, then decrease; increase at age 5 |
| rbc: plts (10X3/mm3) | neonate: 450 1-6 months: 700 5-8 years: 550 13-18 years: 450 from birth starts increasing but then decreases at age 2-5 |
| wbc: (10X3/mm3) | neonate: 35 1-6 months: 18 5-8 years: 15 13-18 years: 13 birth range 10-35 then decreases |
| wbc: segs | neonate: 60 1-6 months: 30 5-8 years: 50 13-18 years: 60 high at birth then decreases; start increasing at age 5 |
| wbc: bands | neonate: 18 1-6 months: 12 5-8 years: 11 13-18 years: 11 high at birth then decreases |
| wbc: lymphs | neonate: 30 1-6 months: 70 5-8 years: 50 13-18 years: 45 low at birth then increases, at 5 start decreasing |
| newborn lab values | hct >60-polycythemia hgb<15 blood loss, hemolysis, anemia |
| low and high WBC | high WBC>15; attempt to fight infection low WBC<5; system overwhelmed by infection WBC to rule out bacteremia (if <10) |
| lab tests for possible sepsis | cdc with diff, ua, ucx, blood cx, stool cx, csf cell count & cx, cxr |
| bilirubin values (mg/dl) | total: 0-3 day: 2-10 total: 1m-adult: 0-1.5 direct, conjugated: newborns: <1.5 direct, conjugated: 1m-adult: 0-0.5 |
| Coombs test | to find level of maternal antibodies in case of ABO incompatibility and RH negative mother (both leads to fetus with anemia, jaundice, hyperbilirubinemia,etc) |
| total bilirubin 20 | require phototherapy |
| common screening tests for newborns | congenital adrenal disease, sickle cell, HIV, hypothyroidism, PKU |
| do urinalysis | when small child/infants has fever & no signs of infection |
| IgG, IgM, IgA | IgG-passes to fetus via placenta at 30-32 weeks IgM-first antibody produced by infants 4 months IgA-high in breast milk; local immunity |
| reason for multiple booster shots for immunization in first year of life | no or few antibodies to produce a response |
| oxygen saturation <90 | clinically significant hypoxia in children |
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