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Unit One History
World History unit one flashcards
| Word | Definition |
|---|---|
| autocracy | government in which one person has supreme power |
| democracy | government where the power rests with the people |
| public goods | anyone can use it and there is not any less of it (ex, street lamp) |
| coercion | making people do things |
| revenue | money collected by the government |
| city- states | sovereign states that consist of a city and surrounding area |
| direct democracy | public decisions made directly by citizens assembling at a meeting or voting on a ballot |
| representative democracy | public decisions are made by leaders who were elected by the citizens |
| feudalism | system of exchanging land for military or other services |
| parliaments | lawmakers in a limited monarchy or parliamentary democracy |
| absolute monarchies | hereditary monarchs have unlimited power |
| despots | tyrants who uses his power selfishly |
| constitutional monarchy | monarchs have power limited by a constitution |
| constitutional democracy | democratic government based off a written constitution |
| authoritarian regime | a system of government in which the state exercises broad control over its citizens |
| totalitarianism | extreme form of authoritarian regime. Sought to control every aspect of its citizens lives including religion and clothing |
| communism | the communist party controls the government and economy. Equality and economic security for all. Government owned land, factories, and other resources. |
| facism | government with extreme nationalism. Glorification of the military. Dictator with supreme power. Censorship and terror used to surpress opposition. |
| nazism | Nazi party holds supreme power. Belief in racial superiority. Aggressive territorial expansion, rejection of democracy and civil liberties. Elimination of "inferior" races |
| monarchy | rule by one hereditary ruler who rules for life. Can be absolute or constitutional. |
| dictatorship | rule by one powerful dictator (usually a military leader) who acquires power by force in a time of political unrest |
| theocracy | rule by the few religious leaders with one set of beliefs |
| single-party state | rule by the few politically elite from one political party. |
| coup d' etat | military overthrows government during time of political unrest |
| republic | representative democracy |
| referendum | elected legislature makes laws, and the citizens vote on the laws instead of giving the governor to sign or veto. A way to make laws locally bypassing the executive brach. |
| inisiative | citizens make laws, then citizens vote on the law. A way to make laws locally bypassing the executive and legislative branch. |
| recall | remove an official from office |
| direct democracy | government where each citizen has an equal voice in public affairs and meet regularly in assemblies |
| parliamentary democracy | government ruled by the legislative majority. Voters elect their parliament and the parliament chooses one of them to be the chief executive (called the prime minister) |
| presidential democracy | rule by the representatives of the people. The voters choose a president (executive) and the lawmakers |
| prime minister | chief executive in parliamentary democracy |
| ministers | members of parliament chosen by the prime minister to be law enforcers |
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