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evan's history

mesopotamia

QuestionAnswer
What is a civilization a complex culture with 5 characteristics: Specialized Workers, Complex Institutions, Record Keeping, Advanced Cities, Advanced Technologies
What is an institution A long-lasting pattern of organization in a community...for example, Government is an institution
What is cuneiform meaning 'wedge-shaped', system of writing invented by Sumerian scribes
What is a ziggurat pyramid-shaped monument that is a massive tiered structure
Fertile Crescent an arc of land between the Persian Gulf and the Mediterranean Sea in Southwest Asia that provided best farming
Mesopotamia plain that is the "land between the rivers" (Tigris & Euphrates
City-state each city and surrounding land it controlled
Cultural diffusion process in which a new idea or product spreads from one culture to another
Empire brings together several peoples, nations, or previously independent states under control of one ruler
Sargon I 2350 BC conqueror who defeated the city-states of Sumer; took control of both north and south Mesopotamia and created the world's first empire
Hammurabi Babylonian Empire reached peak during the reign of Hammurabi (1792-1750 BC); Code of Laws to unify diverse groups in empire
Poenicians 1100 BC - the most powerful traders along the Mediterranean; remarkable ship builders and seafarers; greatest legacy was the Phoencian alphabet
Canaan ancient home of the Hebrews
Torah first five books of the Hebrew Bible
Abraham In the Torah, God chooses Abraham to be the father of the Hebrew people
Moses In the Torah, the man who led the Hebrews out of slavery (the Exodus from Egypt)
Israel 1020-922 BC - kingdom led by 3 kings: Saul, David, Solomon
Judah Southern part of the Kingdom of Israel; The large tribe left of the 12 tribes; Hebrews came to be called Jews and their religion Judaism
Solomon King David's son, the most powerful of the Hebrew kings; built a trading empire and beautified Jerusalem and built a great temple
Nebuchadnezzar Chaldean king restored Babylon and created Hanging gardens
Cyrus 550 BC Persian king who conquered several neighboring kingdoms; a military genius; kind toward conquered peoples; a wise and tolerant view of empire; believed in honeoring local customs and religions
Darius Cambyses (Cyrus' son) successor; brought peace and stability to the empire after Cambyses weak rule; divided empire into 20 provinces and allowed each province to practice own religion, language and laws.
Satrapy Under Darius, a governor in each province who ruled locally
Royal Road Darius road system - ran from Susa in Persia to Sardis in Anatolia - 1677 mi.
Zoroaster Persian prophet who lived around 600 BC - taught that the earth is a battleground where a great struggle is fought between the spirit of good and the spirit of evil
Created by: evanpouch
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