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Chapter 1: Rev. & En

The Scientific Revolution and the Age of Enlightenment

QuestionAnswer
The Scientific Revolution refers to the period roughly between 1500 and 1700 during which the foundations of modern science were laid down in Western Europe
Nicolas Copernicus Feb 19, 1473-May 24, 1543 Polish astronomer Best known for theory of the sun-centered system (heliocentric model) Wasn’t accepted until about 100 years after death De Revolutionibus Orbium Coelestium was banned by the Catholic Church until 1835 Wrote
William Harvey DOB: April 1, 1578 Death: June 3, 1657 English physician Recognized as one of the most distinguished doctors in England Discovered the circulation of the blood and role of the heart
Galileo DOB: February 15, 1564 Death: January 8, 1642 Italian physicist and astronomer Johannes Kepler and Galileo elaborated on Isaac Newton work Came up with the use of the telescope Discovered of sunspots, mountains and valleys on the Moon, the four larg
Johannes Kepler DOB: December 27, 1571 Death: November 15, 1630 German astromer and natural philosopher Known for discovering the three laws of planetary motion, now known as Kepler laws,
Sir Francis Bacon DOB: Jan 22, 1561 Death: April 9, 1626 Author He became a knight on Jan 23, 1603 Wrote letters of advice to Queen Elizabeth Elected Lord Chancellor Banned from Parliament because accused of accepting bribes Was imprisoned Once released he retired
Rene Descartes DOB: March 31, 1596 Death: Feb 11, 1650 French philosopher, scientist, and mathematician Called the father of modern philosophy Went to law school however he never practiced it Long career in military however he was always thinking of math and philo
Sir Isaac Newton DOB: Dec 25, 1642 Death: March 20, 1727 English physicist, mathematician, and philosopher One of the most important scientist of all time Invented calculus Proposed the theory of gravity Formulated the three laws of motion Universal gravitation
The Age of Enlightenment a term used to describe the trends in thought and letters in Europe and the American colonies during the eighteenth century prior to the French Revolution (1789-1799)
John Locke (1632-1704) English philosopher Founded the school of empiricism.
Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679), English philosopher and political theorist (see Political Theory)
philopsophes group of French thinkers who thrived in the middle of the 18th century
progress a movement toward a goal or to a further or higher stage
deism belief in the existence of a God on the evidence of reason and nature only, with rejection of supernatural revelation ( distinguished from theism)
tolerance a fair, objective, and permissive attitude toward those whose opinions, practices, race, religion, nationality, etc., differ from one's own; freedom from bigotry
Jean Jacques Rousseau (1712-1778), French philosopher, social and political theorist, musician, botanist, and one of the most eloquent writers of the Age of Enlightenment
Mary Wollstonecraft (1759-1797), English author and feminist
The Vindication of the Rights of Woman Published in 1792, A Vindication of the Rights of Woman was the first great feminist treatise
The Social Contract voluntary agreement among people defining the relationship of individuals with one another and with government and by this process forming a distinct organized society
The General Will term popularized by the 18th-century French political philosopher Jean Jacques Rousseau. In his book The Social Contract (1762), Rousseau defines the general will as the civic impulses of citizens seeking to pursue the common good within their community.
Created by: johncait14
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