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Chapter 1 Review
The Scientific Revolution and the Age of Enlightenment
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is Enlightenment? | Independence |
| The Scientific Revolution | A period roughly between 1500 and 1700 during which the foundations of modern science were laid down in Western Europe |
| Nicolas Copernicus | Created the heliocentric model, he said that Sun is the center of the universe. |
| William Harvey | The first Western European to describe correctly and in detail the circulation and properties of blood being pumped to the body by the heart. |
| Galileo | He was the first to prove that the Earth goes around the Sun. He invented the thermometer and improved the telescope. |
| Johannes Kepler | He invented the Laws of Planetary Motion. He also provided one of the foundations for Isaac Newton's theory of universal gravitation. |
| Sir Francis Bacon | He developed the scientific method |
| Rene Descartes | He invented the coordinate system and graph. |
| Sir Isaac Newton | He was the first person to prove the existence of gravity. Newton made three Universal Laws of Motion. |
| The Age of Enlightenment | the trends in thought and letters in Europe and the American colonies during the 18th century prior to the French Revolution. |
| John Locke | An English political philosopher. He is considered as one of the most influential of the enlightened thinkers. He said that everyone is born equal. |
| Thomas Hobbes | He thought that a king should rule the people. He thought of humans as animals. |
| Philosophes | A group of radical thinkers and writers in France in the eighteenth century |
| Progress | moving forward |
| Deism | belief in the existence of a God |
| Tolerance | putting up with |
| Jean Jacques Rousseau | His political philosophy influenced the French Revolution as well as the American Revolution. |
| Mary Wollstonecraft | She wrote novels and said that both men and women should be treated as rational beings. |
| The Vindication of the Rights of Woman | A book written by Mary Wollstonecraft in which she argues about woman’s rights. |
| The Social Contract | a book about government that reflects the general will of the people written by Jean Jacques Rousseau. |
| The General Will | a will about the common good of all the people. Written by Jean Jacques Rousseau. |
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scottas14
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