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Chapter 1 West Civ
Vocab
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The Scientific Revolution | The Scientific Revolution is an era, the 16th and 17th centuries during which new ideas and knowledge in physics, astronomy, biology, medicine and chemistry transformed medieval and ancient views of nature and laid the foundations for modern science. |
| Nicolas Copernicus | Renaissance astronomer and the first person to formulate a comprehensive heliocentric cosmology which displaced the Earth from the center of the universe. |
| William Harvey | an English physician who was the first person to describe completely and in detail the systemic circulation and properties of blood being pumped to the body by the heart. |
| Galileo | was an Italian physicist, mathematician, astronomer and philosopher who played a major role in the Scientific Revolution. |
| Johannes Kepler | was a German mathematician, astronomer and astrologer, he is best known for his eponymous laws of planetary motion, |
| Sir Francis Bacon | was an English philosopher, statesman, scientist, lawyer, jurist, author and pioneer of the scientific method. |
| Rene Descartes | was a French philosopher and writer who spent most of his adult life in the Dutch Republic. He has been dubbed the 'Father of Modern Philosophy’. |
| Sir Isaac Newton | was an English physicist, mathematician, astronomer, natural philosopher, alchemist, and theologian. Newton described universal gravitation and the three laws of motion. |
| The Age of Enlightenment | was an elite cultural movement of intellectuals in 18th century Europe that sought to mobilize the power of reason in order to reform society and advance knowledge. |
| John Locke | widely known as the Father of Liberalism, was an English philosopher and physician regarded as one of the most influential of Enlightenment thinkers. |
| Thomas Hobbes | was an English philosopher, best known today for his work on political philosophy. |
| philopsophes | were the intellectuals of the 18th century Enlightenment. |
| progress | the idea that the world can become increasingly better in terms of science, technology, modernization, liberty, democracy, quality of life, etc. |
| deism | in the philosophy of religion is the standpoint that reason and observation of the natural world, without the need for organized religion, can determine that the universe is a creation and has a creator. |
| tolerance | is the practice of permitting a thing of which one disapproves, such as social, ethnic, sexual, or religious practices. |
| Jean Jacques Rousseau | was a major Genevan philosopher, writer, and composer of 18th-century Romanticism. |
| Mary Wollstonecraft | : as an eighteenth-century British writer, philosopher, and advocate of women's rights. |
| The Vindication of the Rights of Woman | written by the 18th-century British feminist Mary Wollstonecraft, is one of the earliest works of feminist philosophy. |
| The Social Contract | is the book in which Rousseau theorized about the best way in which to set up a political community in the face of the problems of commercial society which he had already identified in his Discourse on Inequality. |
| The General Will | is a concept in political philosophy referring to the desire or interest of a people as a whole. |
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carrtho14
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