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WHMT - Chapter 12
World History Modern Times - Chapter 12
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Abandon | to give up control or influence to another person or idea (Spielvogel WHMT 2e p. 389) |
| Abolitionism | a movement to end slavery (Spielvogel WHMT 2e p. 384) |
| Adapt | to adjust to (Spielvogel WHMT 2e p. 390) |
| Bill of Rights | American written statement of fundamental rights and privileges for an individual. (Spielvogel WHMT 2e p. 373) |
| British North American Act | Passed by Parliament in 1867 to establish a Canadian nation with its own constitution. (Spielvogel WHMT 2e p. 385) |
| Capital | money available for investment (Spielvogel WHMT 2e p. 364) |
| Charles Darwin | British scientist who formulated the theory of evolution by natural selection (1809-1882). (Spielvogel WHMT 2e p. 390) |
| Charles Dickens | Famous British novelist who wrote realistic novels focusing on the lower and middle classes of England's early Industrial Age (1812-1870). (Spielvogel WHMT 2e p. 390) |
| Congress of Vienna | Peace Treaty designed by heads of European powers in 1814 (England, Austria, Prussia, Russia) which rearranged territories after Napoleon's defeat to form a new balance of power. (Spielvogel WHMT 2e p. 371) |
| Conservatism | a political philosophy based on tradition and social stability, favoring obedience to political authority and organized religion (Spielvogel WHMT 2e p. 372) |
| Contribute | to share in bringing about (Spielvogel WHMT 2e p. 363) |
| Controversy | a situation or subject that is disputed; subject to argument (Spielvogel WHMT 2e p. 390) |
| Cottage Industry | a method of production in which tasks are done by individuals in their rural homes (Spielvogel WHMT 2e p. 364) |
| Emancipation | the act of setting free (Spielvogel WHMT 2e p. 383) |
| Entrepreneur | a person interested in finding new business opportunities and new ways to make profits (Spielvogel WHMT 2e p. 364) |
| Factor | any condition that brings about a result (Spielvogel WHMT 2e p. 363) |
| German Confederation | Thirty-eight independent German states recognized by the Congress of Vienna in 1815 of which Austria and Prussia had the greatest powers. (Spielvogel WHMT 2e p. 375) |
| Industrial Capitalism | an economic system based on industrial production or manufacturing (Spielvogel WHMT 2e p. 368) |
| James Watt | Scottish engineer who, in 1782, made changes to the steam engine which enabled it to drive machinery to spin cotton, thus improving production. (Spielvogel WHMT 2e p. 364) |
| Kaiser | German for caesar, the title of the emperors of the Second German Empire (Spielvogel WHMT 2e p. 381) |
| Levy | to impose or collect by legal authority (Spielvogel WHMT 2e p. 380) |
| Liberalism | a political philosophy originally based largely on Enlightenment principles, holding that people should be as free as possible from government restraint and that civil liberties-the basic rights of all people-should be protected (Spielvogel WHMT 2e p. 373 |
| Louis Pasteur | French biologist whose discovery of microorganisms in fermentation led to pasteurization and who also proposed the germ theory of disease which advanced modern scientific medical practices (1822-1895). (Spielvogel WHMT 2e p. 389) |
| Louis-Napoleon | Elected president of France's Second Republic in 1848 after the French Revolution; the nephew of Napoleon. (Spielvogel WHMT 2e p. 375) |
| Ludwig van Beethoven | German composer known for his classical symphonies; considered one of the greatest composers who continued to compose after he became deaf (1770-1827). (Spielvogel WHMT 2e p. 389) |
| Militarism | reliance on military strength (Spielvogel WHMT 2e p. 380) |
| Natural Selection | the principle set forth by Darwin that some organisms are more adaptable to the environment than others; in popular terms, survival of the fittest (Spielvogel WHMT 2e p. 390) |
| Organic Evolution | the principle set forth by Darwin that every plant or animal has evolved, or changed, over a long period of time from earlier, simpler forms of life to more complex forms (Spielvogel WHMT 2e p. 390) |
| Otto von Bismarck | Prussian prime minister in 1860's who governed Prussia without Parliament's approval and forced war first with the Austrians and then the French (Franco-Prussian War in 1870) where France was forced to relinquish Alsace and Lorraine. Prussia was then the |
| Plebiscite | a popular vote (Spielvogel WHMT 2e p. 382) |
| Principle of Intervention | idea that great powers have the right to send armies into countries where there are revolutions to restore legitimate governments (Spielvogel WHMT 2e p. 373) |
| Puddling | process in which coke derived from coal is used to burn away impurities in crude iron to produce high quality iron (Spielvogel WHMT 2e p. 365) |
| Queen Victoria | British queen from 1837-1901 with the longest reign in English history who helped to stabilize their economy with continued improvements as a result of the Industrial Revolution. In 1876, she also assumed the title of Empress of India. (Spielvogel WHMT 2e |
| Realism | mid-nineteenth century movement that rejected romanticism and sought to portray lower- and middle-class life as it actually was (Spielvogel WHMT 2e p. 390) |
| Reliance | the state of being dependant on someone or something (Spielvogel WHMT 2e p. 380) |
| Restore | to bring back to a normal or previous condition; to re-establish (Spielvogel WHMT 2e p. 371) |
| Robert Fulton | American inventor who built the first paddle-wheel steamboat in 1807. (Spielvogel WHMT 2e p. 366) |
| Romanticism | an intellectual movement that emerged at the end of the eighteenth century in reaction to the ideas of the Enlightenment; it stressed feelings, emotion, and imagination as sources of knowing (Spielvogel WHMT 2e p. 387) |
| Secede | withdraw (Spielvogel WHMT 2e p. 385) |
| Secularization | indifference to or rejection of religion or religious consideration (Spielvogel WHMT 2e p. 389) |
| Socialism | a system in which society, usually in the form of the government, owns and controls the means of production (Spielvogel WHMT 2e p. 370) |
| Stability | the quality, state, or degree of being stable; the strength to stand or endure (Spielvogel WHMT 2e p. 372) |
| Successor | one that follows, especially to a throne, title, estate, or office (Spielvogel WHMT 2e p. 384) |
| Universal Male Suffrage | the right of all males to vote in elections (Spielvogel WHMT 2e p. 374) |
| Variation | difference in the characteristics of an organism from the species or population average (Spielvogel WHMT 2e p. 390) |
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jfrailing
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