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H&P muscles
Ch.7
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Torso | Midsection or Trunk |
| Origin | Less movable;point of attachment of a muscle to a bone |
| Articular Cartilage | covers the surface of connecting bones |
| Muscle Biopsy; can be done by biobsy needle or incisional biopsy | extraction of a specimen of muscle tissue for the purpose of examining under a microscope. |
| Atrophy | Wasting away;literally "without development" |
| Circumduction | the movementof an extremity around in a circular motion |
| Crepitation | Crepitation Clicking or crackling sounds heard upon joint movement. |
| Bunionectomy | Surgical removal of a bunion;removing the bursa & bony overgrowth |
| flexion | A bending motion that decreases the angle between 2 bones. |
| Ligaments | connect bone to bone;offers suport to the joint |
| Joint Cavity | The space between two connecting bones |
| Arthralgia | joint pain |
| Dorsiflexion | Bending foot backward/upward at ankle(toward tibia) |
| Ganglionectomy | surgical removal of ganglion |
| Hinge Joint | Joint that allows movement in one direction. back-and-forth motion. ex: knees,elbows |
| Photosensitivity | Increased reaction of the skin to exposure to light |
| Fascia | Holds Fibers together. Thin sheets of fibrous connective tissue that penetrate&co9ver the |
| Bursa | Small sac that contains synovial fluid for lubricating the area @the joint WHERE FRICTION IS MOST LIKELY TO OCCUR. ex:knee, elbow,shoulder |
| latissimus dorsi | Forms the posterior border of axilla/armpit. |
| Involuntary Muscle | Muscles that act w/out conscious control |
| Viscous | sticky;gelatinous |
| gout | A form of ACUTE arthritis that is characterized of the first metatarsal joint of the great toe. |
| ganglion | ganglionCystic tumor developing on a tendon.Sometimes occuring on the back of the wrist. |
| tendon | Attaches Muscle to bone. |
| Striated Muscle | Muscles that have a striped appearance when viewed under a microscope.EX:Skeletal&Cardiac muscles |
| insertion | The POINT OF ATTACHMENT of a muscle to bone and moves. MORE MOVEABLE |
| Tibialis Anterior | muscle positioned on the front of the leg. responsible for turning foot inward&for dorsiflexing the foot. |
| gastrocnemius | Main muscle of the Calf. Used in standing on tiptoes(plantar flexing foot) & flexing toes. |
| gluteus medius | Used for IM injection, smaller muscle located above the upper outer quadrant of the gluteus maximus. helps abduct thigh. |
| gluteus maximus | Forms most of the fleshy part of the buttock.Offers support when individual is standing. extends thigh |
| deltoid | Used for IM injections. Muscle that covers shoulder joint;originates from the clavicle & scapula,inserts on lateral side of humerus. |
| Abduction | Movement of a bone away from midline of body. |
| Adduction | Movement of a bone towards midline of the body. |
| Pelvic girdle weakness | Weakness in the pelvic girdle. In MD it weakens causing a child to use 1 or both hands to assist in rising from a sitting position by "walking" the hands up the lower extremities until in upright position. |
| Arthralgia | pain in the joins;symptoms present many joint diseases. |
| ArthritisInflammation of the joints | Inflammation of the joints |
| Trapezius | TRIANGULAR-SHAPED muscle that extends acrose the back of the shoulder.Covers the back of the neck & inserts on the clavicle & scapula. |
| Pronation | Turning palms downward or backward |
| Supination | Turning palms upward or forward |
| Rotation | The turning of a bone on it's own axis. |
| Osteoarthritis AKA Degenerative Joint Disease | MOST COMMON FORM OF ARTHRITIS;results from wear and tear on the joints, especially weight bearing joints such as knees and hipsl. |
| Sciatica | Inflammation of the nerve marked by pain & tenderness along the path of the nerve through the thigh and leg |
| arthrocentesis | Surgical puncture of a joint w/a needle for the purpose of withdrawing fluid for analysis. |
| arthroplasty | Surgical reconstruction/repair of a joint |
| Rheumatoid Arthritis | CHRONIC,SYSTEMIC INFLAMATORY DISEASE,affects multiple joints such as those in the hands and feet. |
| Lyme disease | ACUTE inflammatory infection transmitted through the bite of an infected deer tick. |
| Pectoralis Major | Fan shaped muscle that crosses the upper part of the front of the chest. |
| Muscular Dystrophy (MD) | Group of genetically transmitted disorders characterized by progressive symmetrical wasting of skeletal muscles;no evidence of nerve or nerve involvement or degeneration of nerve tissue. |
| Subluxation | An incomplete dislocation of a bone; such as the shoulder joint. |
| Electromyography | ElectromyographyProcess of recording the strength of the contraction of a muscle when it is stimulated by an electric current |
| Rotator cuff tear | A tear in the muscles that form a "cuff" over the head of the humerus. |
| strains | Injury to the body of the muscle or attachment of the tendon, resulting from |
| bunion | Abnormal enlargment of the joint at the base of the great toe. |
| Contracture | An abnormal(usually permanent) bending of a joint into a fixed position. |
| malaise | A vague feeling of weakness |
| Kyphosis | Humpback |
| ball-and-socket joint | Joint that allows free movement in many directions around a central point. |
| Masseter | Used when chewing and biting. Raises lower jaw. |
| Buccinator | Cheek muscle |
| temporal | muscle located above and near the ear. |
| plantar flexion | Bending foot downward pointing toes |
| Suture | An immovable joint |
| Synovial Fluid | Thick lubricating fluid located in synovial joints |
| Closed Reduction or Manipulation | Manual forcing of a joint back into it's original psition without surgery |
| Extension | A straightening motion;increases the angle between two bones. |
| Hamstring muscles | located in the posterior part of the thigh are hamstring muscles which are responsible for flexing the leg on the thigh |
| Skeletal muscles | muscles that attach to the bones of the skeleton; also known as striated muscle. Skeletal muscles act voluntarily |
| Smooth muscle | muscles found in the walls of hollow organs and tubes such as the stomach, intestines, respiratory passageways, and blood vessels; also known as visceral muscles. Smooth muscles act involuntarily |
| Visceral muscle | muscles of the internal organs |
| Voluntary muscle | muscles that operate under conscious control |
| Fibrous joint | the surfaces of the bones fit closely together and are held together by fibrous connective tissue |
| Cartilaginous joint | the bones are connected by cartilage-as in the symphysis(joint between the pubic bones of the pelvis |
| Synovial joint | the bones have a space between them called the joint cavity |
| Hinge joint | allows movement in one direction-a back-and-forth type of motion |
| Dorsiflexion | the foot narrows the angle between the leg and the top of the foot |
| Bunion | abnormal enlargement of the joint at the base of the great toe |
| Synovial membrane | the lining of a synovial joint cavity |
| Dislocation | is the displacement of a bone from its normal location within a joint, causing loss of functionof the joint |
| Herniated disk | is the rupture of the central portion, or nucleus, of the disk throuh the disk wall and into the spinal canal |
| Sprains | is an injury involving the ligaments that surround and support a joint, caused by a wrenching or twisting motion |
| Systemic lupus erythematosus | is a chronic inflammatory connective-tssue disease affecting the skin, joints, nervous system, kidneys, lungs, and other organs |
| Arthroscopy | is the visualization of the interior of a joint using an endoscope |
| Rheumatoid factor | test is a blood test that measures the presence of unusual antibodies that develop in a number of connective tissue diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis |
Created by:
First Institute
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