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Chapter 4 - Med Term
Chapter 4 Medical Terminology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Abdominal Cavity | contains the liver, gallbladder, spleen, stomach, pancreas, intestines, and kidneys. |
| Anaplasia | a change in the structure and orientation of cells |
| Anatomical Position | stand with arms at the side, palms turned forward, head and feet pointed forward |
| Anterior | front of the body |
| Aplasia | a development failure resulting in the absence of any organ or tissue. |
| Cardiac Muscle | muscular wall of the heart. |
| Caudal | pertaining to the tail. |
| Cell | the smallest and most numerous structural unit of living matter. |
| Cell Membrane | the cell's outer covering (barrier) |
| Cervical Vertebrae | Neck |
| Chromosones | controls growth, repair, and reproduction |
| Coccyx | the tail bone |
| Connective Tissue | supports and binds body parts and other body tissues |
| Cranial | Pertaining to the head. |
| Cranial Cavity | Brain. |
| Cytology | The study of cells. |
| Distal | away from the surface and towards the inside of the body. |
| Dorsal | pertaining to the back. |
| Dysplasia | any abnormal development of tissues or organs |
| Epigastric Region | the region of the abdomen located between the left and right hypochondriac region the upper section of the abdomen |
| Epithelial Tissue | tissue that covers the internal and external organs of the body; also lines the vessels, body cavities, glands, and body organs. |
| Frontal Plane | divides the body in half (front to back) |
| Genes | segments of chromosones that transmit hereditary characteristics |
| Histologist | medical scientist who specializes in the study of tissues. |
| Hyperplasia | an increase in the # of cells of a body part. |
| Hypogastric Region | middle section of the lower abdomen, beneath the umbilical region. |
| Hypoplasia | incomplete or underdeveloped organ or tissue, usually the result of a decrease in the number of cells. |
| Inferior | away from the head. |
| Inguinal Region | right and left regions of the lower section of the abdomen; (iliac region) |
| Lateral | toward the side of the body, away from the midline of the body. |
| Lumbar Region | right and left regions of the middle section of the abdomen. |
| Mcburney's Point | located on the right side of the abdomen, about two-thirds of the distance between the umbilicus and the anterior bony prominence of the hip. |
| Medial | toward the midline (medial edge of the right breast) |
| Mediolateral | pertaining to the middle & side of a structure. |
| Midline of the Body | imaginary "line" created when the body is divided into equal right and left halves. |
| Mitochondria | cell organs, which provide the energy needed by the cell to carry on its essential functions. |
| Muscle Tissue | produces movement of the body parts. |
| Navel | Bellybutton. |
| Neoplasia | new and abnormal development of cells that may be benign or malignant. |
| Nervous Tissue | tissue that transmits impulses throughout the body |
| Nucleus | central controlling body within a living cell that is enclosed within the cell membrane. |
| Pelvic Cavity | lower front cavity of the body, located beneath the abdominal cavity; the urinary bladder and reproductive organs. |
| Peritoneum | specific serous membrane the covers the entire abdominal wall of the body and is reflected over the contained viscera. |
| Plane | imaginary slices (or cuts) made through the body as if a dividing sheet were passed through the body at a particular angle and in a particular direction, permitting a view from a different angle. |
| Plantar | sole or bottom of the foot. |
| Posterior | back of the body. |
| Prone | lying facedown on the abdomen. |
| Proximal | toward or nearest the trunk of the body, or nearest to the point of origin of a body part. |
| Sacrum | the singular triangular-shaped bone that results from the fusion of the five individual sacral bones of the child. |
| Skeletal Muscle | muscle that is attached to bone & is responsible for the movement of the skeleton. |
| Smooth Muscle | viceral tissue in walls and hollow internal organs like stomach and intestines. |
| Superficial | pertaining to the surface of the body, or near the surface. |
| Superior | above or upward toward the head. |
| Supination | a movement that allows the palms of the hands to turn upward or forward. |
| Supine | lying horizontally on the back, faceup. |
| Thoracic Cavity | the chest cavity, which contains the lungs, hearts, aorta, esophagus, and trachea. |
| Tissue | group of cells that performs specialized functions. |
| Transverse Plane | cutting across the body. dividing the body into superior (upper) and inferior (lower) portions. |
| Umbilical Region | region of the abdomen located in the middle section of the abdomen, between the right and left lumbar regions and directly beneath the epigastric region. |
| Umbilicus | the navel; belly button. |
| Ventral | pertaining to the front; belly side. |
| Visceral | pertaining to the internal organs. |
| Visceral Muscle | muscle found in the walls of the hollow internal organs of the body such as the stomach and intestines. |
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