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Chapter 1-2vocab
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Avesta | The holy book of the Zoroastrian religion. |
| Chavin | Early Peruvian Ameridian culture. |
| Cuneiform | Mesopotamia wedge-shaped writing begun by the Sumerians. |
| Gilgamesh | One of the earliest epics in world literature, originating in prehistoric Mesopotamia. |
| Hieroglyphics | Early Egyptian writing consisting of pictographs and symbols for letters and syllables. |
| Hittites | An Indo-European people prominent in Anatolia (present-day Turkey) around 1200 b.c.e |
| Isis | A chief Egyptian goddess with strong creative and nurturing associations. |
| Kush | Kingdom in northeast Africa that had close relations with Egypt for several centuries in the pre-Christian epoch. |
| Mycenaeans | An early and rich Greek culture centered on Mycenae and other cities that was destroyed by the "Sea Peoples" and the influx of Dorians from the north. |
| Nineveh | The main city and later capital of the Assyrian Empire. |
| Osiris | A chief Egyptian god, ruler of the underworld. |
| Persepolis | With Ecbatana, one of the capitals of the Persian Empire in the 500s b.c.e |
| Tel el Amarna | The site of great temple complexes along the Nile River in Egypt; Akhenaton's capital. |
| Ziggurat | A massive stepped tower upon which a temple dedicated to the chief god or goddess of a Sumerian city was built. |
| Zoroastrianism | A religion founded the by Persian Zoroaster in the seventh century b.c.e; characterized by worship of a supreme god, Ahura Mazda, who represents the good against the evil spirit, identified as Ahriman. |
| Aryans | A nomadix pastoral people from Eurasia who invaded the Indus Valley and other regions in about 1500 b.c.e |
| Brahman | The caste of priests, which is the highest caste in Hinduism. |
| Dasa | Sunskrit ferm for "slave" used by the Aryans; refers to the dark skin color of Indus valley peoples |
| Harappa | A town in the Indus Valley; also a name for the early civilization in that region. |
| Karma | A sunskrit term meaning "deed" or "action"; a belief held by members of all religions in India that the amount of good or evil done in a given lifetime affected one's destiny in the next existence. |
| Kshatriyas | The warrior class of Aryan society. |
| Mahabharata | A Hindu epic poem. |
| Mohenjo-Daro | On of the two chief towns of the ancient Indus Valley civilization. |
| Oracle bones | Animal bones used in Shang China for divination. Contains earliest evidence of Chinese writing. |
| Rig Veda | The oldest of the four Vedas, brought into India by the Aryans; the holiest works of Hinduism. |
| Sanskrit | The sacred language of India, an Indo-European Language introduced by the Aryans. |
| Shiva | An important member of the Hindu Pantheon, along with his wife Kali (Durga). God of destruction and fertility. |
| Upanishads | ]The Hindu writings dealing with philosophy issues. |
| Vaisyas | the third caste, consisting of the landholder and artisan class of Aryan society. |
| Vishnu | A Hindu savior god who, through his nine incarnations, saves the world from destruction; in one incarnation he as Krishna, in another Gautama Buddha. |
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