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sections 1-3
5th period
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The holy book of the Zoroastrian religion. | Avesta |
| Early Peruvian Amerindian culture. | Chavin |
| Mesopotamian wedge-shaped writing begun by the Sumerians. | Cuneiform |
| One of the earliest epics in world literature, originating in prehistoric Mesopotamia. | Gilgamesh |
| Early Egyptian writing consisting of pictographs and symbols for letters andsyllables | Hieroglyphics |
| An Indo-European people prominent in Anatolia (present-day Turkey) around 1200 b.c.e. | Hittites |
| A people who invaded the Nile delta in Egypt and ruled it during the Second Intermediate Period around 1600 b.c.e. | Hyksos |
| A chief Egyptian goddess with strong creative and nurturing associations. | Isis |
| Kingdom in northeast Africa that had close relations with Egypt for several centuries in the pre-Christian epoch. | Kush |
| An early and rich Greek culture centered on Mycenae and other cities that was destroyed by the "Sea Peoples" and the influx of Dorians from the north. | Mycenaeans |
| The main city and later capital of the Assyrian Empire. | Nineveh |
| A chief Egyptian god, ruler of the underworld. | Osiris |
| With Ecbatana, one of the capitals of the Persian Empire in the 500s b.c.e. | Persepolis |
| The site of great temple complexes along the Nile River in Egypt; Akhenaton´s capital. | Tel el Amarna |
| a massive stepped tower upon which a temple dedicated to the chief god or goddess of a Sumerian city was built. | ziggurat |
| A religion founded by the Persian Zoroaster in the seventh century b.c.e.; characterized by worship of a supreme god, Ahura Mazda, who represents the good against the evil spirit, identified as Ahriman. | Zoroastrianism |
| A nomadic pastoral people from Eurasia who invaded the Indus Valley and other regions in about 1500 b.c.e. | Aryans |
| The caste of priests, which is the highest caste in Hinduism. | Brahman |
| Sanskrit term for "slave" used by Aryans; refers to the dark skin color of Indus Valley peoples. | Dasa |
| A town in the Indus Valley; also a name for the early civilization in that region. | Harappa |
| A Sanskrit term meaning "deed" or "action"; a belief held by members of all religions in India that the amount of good or evil done in a given lifetime affected one´s destiny in the next existence. | Karma |
| The warrior class of Aryan society. | Kshatriyas |
| A Hindu epic poem. | Mahabharata |
| One of the two chief towns of the ancient Indus Valley civilization. | Mohenjo-Daro |
| Animal bones used in Shang China for divination. Contains earliest evidence of Chinese writing. | Oracle bones |
| The oldest of the four Vedas, brought into India by the Aryans; the holiest works of Hinduism. | Rig Veda |
| The sacred language of India, an Indo-European language introduced by the Aryans. | Sanskrit |
| An important member of the Hindu pantheon, along with his wife Kali (Durga). God of destruction and fertility. | Shiva |
| ]The Hindu writings dealing with philosophical issues. | Upanishads |
| The third caste, consisting of the landholder and artisan class of Aryan society. | Vaisyas |
| A Hindu savior god who, through his nine incarnations, saves the world from destruction; in one incarnation he was Krishna, in another Gautama Buddha. | Vishnu |
| The school founded by Plato; Aristotle is its most famous student. | Academy |
| Hindu, Buddhist, and Jain doctrine of not harming living creatures. | Ahimsa |
| The body of writing containing conversations between Confucius and his disciples that preserves his worldly wisdom and pragmatic philosophies. | Analects |
| The transportation of many Jews to exile in Babylon; occurred in the sixth century b.c.e. | Babylonian Captivity |
| An empire of satellite Greek states under Athens in the fifth century b.c.e. | Delian League |
| Hindu and Buddhist term for moral conduct. | Dharma |
| State-owned slaves of the Spartans. | Helots |
| A strict, monastic form of Buddhism claiming a close link with the Buddha´s teaching; also called Theravada. | Hinayana Buddhism |
| Heavily armed infantry soldiers in ancient Greece. | Hoplites |
| A Chinese philosophy of government emphasizing strong state authority. | Legalism |
| A form of Buddhism; it deemphasized the monastic life and abstruse philosophy in favor of prayer to the Buddha and saintly and helpful bodhisattvas to attain nirvana. | Mahayana Buddhism |
| The battle in 490 b.c.e. in which the Athenians defeated the Persians. | Marathon |
| Conflicts between the neighbors Sparta and Messenia that resulted in Sparta´s conquest of Messenia around 600 b.c.e. | Messenian Wars |
| Resident foreigners in ancient Athens; not permitted full rights of citizenship, but did receive the protection of the laws. | Metics |
| A religion having only one god. | Monotheism |
| Buddhist concept; the final liberation from suffering and reincarnation. | Nirvana |
| In ancient Athens, the expulsion of a citizen for ten years. | Ostracism |
| The classic Greek temple to Athena on the Acropolis in Athens´ center. | Parthenon |
| The great war between Athens and Sparta and their respective allies in ancient Greece; fought between 431 and 404 b.c.e. and eventually won by Sparta. | Peloponnesian War |
| An ancient seafaring people living along the coast north of Palestine; they dominated trade in the Mediterranean. | Phoenicians |
| The land battle that, along with the naval battle of Salamis, ended the Persian Wars with a Greek victory. | Plataea |
| The political and social community of citizens in ancient Greece. | Polis |
| The naval battle that, with the battle of Plataea, ended the Persian Wars with a Greek victory. | Salamis |
| A militaristic Greek city-state that vied with Athens for power in the Peloponnesian War. | Sparta |
| China´s nature-oriented philosophy/religion. | Taoism |
| A strict monastic form of Buddhism that claims close adherence to the teachings of Gautama Buddha. Also called Hinayana Buddhism. | Theravada Buddhism |
| in an ancient Greek polis (or an Italian city-state during the Renaissance), a ruler who came to power in an unconstitutional way and ruled without being subject to the law. | tyrant/tyranny |
Created by:
Alexis Pino
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