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Chapter 15 AP World

Chapter 15 Vocabulary AP World History

QuestionAnswer
The German term for the 1938 takeover of Austria by Nazi Germany. Anschluss
An idea put forth early in the Cold War in which all countries would pledge not to make atomic bombs and to allow international inspections; it was rejected by the Soviet Union Baruch Plan
The 1948 Р 1949 attempt to squeeze the Western allies out of occupied Berlin by the USSR; it failed because of the successful Berlin Airlift of food and supplies the United States and Britain. Berlin blockade
The ten-foot-high concrete wall and "death zone" erected by the Communist East Germans in 1961 to prevent further illegal emigration to the West. Berlin Wall
("lightning war") A war conducted with great speed and force, as in Germanyґs advance into Poland at the beginning of World War II. Blitzkrieg
June 5, 1944; the invasion of France from the English Channel by combined British and American forces. D Day
An organization begun after World War II, it fostered economic cooperation among member states, eventually becoming todayґs European Union. European Economic Community
A political movement in the twentieth century that embraced totalitarian government policies to achieve a unity of people and leader; first experienced in Mussoliniґs Italy. Fascism
Hitlerґs secret police, responsible for intimidating the population and helping to rid Germany of "undesirables" such as Jews and leftists. Gestapo
The mass executions perpetrated by the Nazi regime of Germany during World War II; its chief victims were 6 million Jews, but hundreds of thousands of gypsies, homosexuals, and others also perished. Holocaust
A metaphor coined by Winston Churchill early in the Cold War, it refers to the divide between western and eastern Europe caused by Soviet domination in the latter region. Iron curtain
The nationalist party headed by Chiang Kai-shek during the 1930s and 1940s in China. Kuomintang (KMT)
"living space". The doctrine, adopted by Hitler, that a nation's power depends on the amount of land it occupies; thus, a nation must expand to be strong. Lebensraum
A program proposed by the U.S. secretary of state George Marshall and implemented from 1947 to 1951 to aid western Europeґs recovery from World War II. Marshall Plan
(My Struggle); Hitlerґs credo, written while serving a prison term in 1924. Mein Kampf
North Atlantic Treaty Organization; a military alliance formed in 1949 in which the signatories (Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Great Britain, Iceland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, and the United States) agreed to provide mutua NATO
The German variant of fascism created by Hitler. Nazism
Trials conducted in Germany after World War II to determine and punish war guilt among high German officials, resulting in several executions. Nuremberg Trials
A surprise attack on December 7, 1941, by Japanese planes on the U.S. navy at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii; it brought war between the United States and Japan. Pearl Harbor, bombing of
Conflict in Spain lasting from 1936 to 1939 in which authoritarian forces led by Generalissimo Francisco Franco, with the help of Hitler and Mussolini, triumphed over Republican forces. Spanish Civil War
The third German empire, self-proclaimed by Hitler. The first was the empire of Charlemagne, the second that of 1871Р1918. Third Reich
The commitment of the U.S. government in 1947 to defend any noncommunist state against attempted communist takeover; proposed by President Harry Truman. Truman Doctrine
Created in 1945, it is the worldґs most extensive international organization. United Nations
A puppet state in the south of France during World War II, its leaders generally did the bidding of Nazi Germany. Vichy regime
a military alliance, formed in 1955, in which Albania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, Poland, Romania, and the Soviet Union agreed to provide mutual assistance. Warsaw Pact
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