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SCC micro wk.1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Name the five different types of immunoglobulins. | IgG, IgM, IgA, IgD, and IgE |
| Define zoonoses. | Animal-to-human transmission of disease. Ie: rabies. |
| Term used to describe antibody mediated immunity. | Humoral immunity |
| Term used to describe an infected host, showing no signs of clinical symptoms, who is/may be an unknown source of disease in a population | Asymptomatic carrier |
| There are two parts to adaptive immunity. What are they? | humoral immunity and cellular immunity |
| How is it that microorganisms have a survival advantage within a host? | Because they are able to adapt to new environments and multiply rapidly. |
| Define colonization. | Define colonization. |
| Term used to describe a disease causing organism. | Pathogen |
| What does the term "host" define? | What does the term "host" define? |
| This type of immunity involves specific immune responses. | Adaptive or specific immunity |
| Type of immunity that involves activated T lymphocytes (T cells), and chemical substances being sent throughout the body that allows cells to communicate and elicit an immune response. | cellular immunity |
| What is the name of the chemical substance produced by an organism that can induce infection/disease? | toxin |
| Term used to describe a host-microorganism relationship in which the organism benefits at the exspense of the host. | Parasitism |
| Innate resistance. Is it specific or nonspecific? | Nonspecific |
| What three things must take place in order for adaptive resistance to function? | immune system recognition, immune system activation, and immune system response |
| Term used to describe the successful persistence or multiplication of a pathogen on or within a host. | Infection |
| Adaptive immunity. Is it specific or nonspecific? | Specific |
| Define symbiotic relationship. | Define symbiotic relationship. |
| The amount of damage an organism can impose on or in a host depends on what three things? | virulence of organism, immune status of host, and tissue infected |
| What types of cells are involved in humoral immunity? | B lymphocytes (B cells), plasma cells, and antibodies/immunoglobulins |
| Name the two general types of toxins. | exotoxins and endotoxins |
| Term used to describe the mechansims by which an organism can cause disease. | Pathogenicity |
| Why are microorganisms capable of establishing themselves within a host? | Because they have the ability to avoid host defenses. |
| Toxic substance contained within the cell walls of organisms that are only released after cell death, when the membrane of the organism breaks down. | endotoxin |
| Define Exotoxin | Toxic proteins secreted by an organism or released during cell lysis. |
| Define compromised | weakened |
| What three processes must occur in order for microorganisms to cause disease? | entry, adhesion, and invasion |
| Term used to describe an infection that causes damage in the host. | disease |
| This type of immune defense is genetically determined and do not improve with repeated exposure to an infectious agent. | innate or nonspecific immunity |
| Microorganisms are capable of three levels of host-organism interaction. What are they? | colonization, infection, and disease |
| Term used to describe host-microorganism relationship in which both host-organism benefit. | Mutualism |
| Define virulence. | The term used to define the degree of pathogenicity of an organism. |
| Another name for antibody? | immunoglobulin |
| Term used to describe a host-microorganism relationship in which no harm is done to the host. | Commensalism |
Created by:
nizhoni
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