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AP Human Geo Unit 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Activity space | area that you normally cover in a day |
| Biome | a major ecological community type |
| Core area | The center, heart, focus of whatever you’re measuring |
| Cultural ecology | geographic approach that emphasizes human environment relationships |
| Carl Sauer | The first American environmentalist, discovered that man could seriously have a negative impact on the natural environment |
| Cultural landscape | human imprint upon the natural landscape |
| Density | the frequency in which something occurs in space |
| Arithmetic density | the total number of objects in an area; commonly used to compare the populations in different cities |
| Physiological density | Number of people per unit of area suitable for agriculture |
| Agricultural density | Number of farmers per unit area of farmland |
| Diffusion | when connections are made between regions; the process by which a characteristic spreads across space |
| Relocation diffusion | the spread of an idea through physical movement of people from one place to another |
| Expansion diffusion | spread of a feature from one place to another in a snowballing process |
| Hierarchical diffusion | spread of an idea from persons/nodes of authority or power to another person or place |
| Contagious diffusion | rapid, widespread diffusion of a characteristic throughout the population |
| Stimulus diffusion | spread of an underlying principle (characteristic itself fails to diffuse) |
| Distance decay | If the distance is further there will be less traffic in that area |
| Distribution | The arrangement of a feature in space |
| Environmental determinism | Philosophy (old approach) that says the environment limits a societies ability to develop |
| Fertile crescent | Crescent-shaped region containing the comparatively moist and fertile land of otherwise arid and semi-arid Western Asia; considered the home of agriculture |
| GIS | Computer system that stores, organizes, analyzes, and displays geographic data |
| GPS | system that determines the precise position of something on earth though a series of satellites, tracking stations, and receivers |
| Gravity model | If the places are every large, they could have a ‘magnetic’ effect on one another pulling people from place to place. If the places are further apart, the gravitational pull will begin to drop off. |
| Hearth | a place from which an innovation originates |
| Cultural hearth | the area from which a culture originates from |
| Intervening opportunities | an opportunity in-between destinations which allows you not to travel the full distance |
| Landscape | all the visible features of an area of land |
| Natural landscape | Landscapes that are unaffected by cultural influence |
| Built landscape | is represented by features and patterns reflecting human occupation and use of natural resources |
| Cartography | the science of map making |
| Ptolemy | a Greek astronomer and geographer whose teachings influenced medieval thought and a geocentric view of the cosmos |
| Cartogram | a map in which some thematic mapping variable is substituted for land area |
| Isoline map | a map containing continuous lines joining all points of identical value |
| Mental map | an internal representative of a portion of earth’s surface based on what an individual knows about a place, containing personal impressions of what is in a place and where places are located |
| Mercator | straight meridians and parallels that intersect at right angles, used for marine navigation |
| Robinson | distorts shape, area, scale, and distance in an attempt to balance the errors of projection properties |
| Node | a point at which lines or pathways connect, a central or connecting point |
| Peripheral area | Area with a low percentage of what you’re measuring |
| Place | a specific point on earth distinguished by a particular character |
| Placelessness | an object that does not have transversal context, and is usually not meant to have one |
| Possibilism | Possibly the natural environment might control a societies ability to fully develop, but technology could assist the society to control the environment |
| Formal region | A lot of people in that area have a trait in common that people outside of the area do not have |
| Functional region | Within the region there is one or more headquarters (nodes) and people within the area are connected to the node |
| Perceptual/vernacular region | No one can agree exactly where the region begins or ends, could probably agree on core areas but not peripheral areas |
| Remote sensing | the acquisition of data about earth’s surface from a satellite orbiting the planet or other long-distance methods |
| Vernacular region | a place that people believe exists as part of their cultural identity. These regions emerge from peoples informal sense of place rather than from scientific models |
| Site | the physical characteristic of a place |
| Situation | the location of a place relative to other places |
| Sustainability | providing the best outcomes for human and natural environments both in the present and for the future |
| Space-time compression | The reduction in the time it takes to diffuse something to a distant place, as a result of improved communications, transportation, and technology systems |
| Toponym | the name given to a portion of Earth’s surface |
Created by:
jenna.l
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