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Path Q2
Final
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Study of disease | Pathology |
| Father of medicine | Hippocrate |
| Studies changes in the structure and function of the body which can be observed with the unaided eye. | Gross pathology |
| Studies changes which occur in cells of the body at the microscopic level | Mircroscopic, cellular, or histo-pathology |
| Deals with general or broad disease processes, such as necrosis or inflammation, which may affect the entire body or wide-spread tissues and organs | General pathology |
| Studies disease processes affecting individual body areas or systems, such as pathology of the respiratory system or diseases of the skin | Special pathology |
| Study of tissues which have been removed from the body for pathological study. (biopsy) | Pathological Anatomy |
| Laboratory study of standardized tests on, body fluids, and secretions. (blood tests) | Clinical pathology |
| Studying the functional changes in the body resulting from disease | Physiological pathology |
| Deals with both medical and legal issues surrounding death | Medical-legal pathology |
| Post mortem exam | Autopsy |
| Any change in the structure or function of the body as a result of injury to the tissues | Disease |
| Rapid onset-short duration | Acute |
| Gradual onset-long duration | Chronic |
| Acute diseas that ends in death (heart attack) | Fulminating disease |
| Symptoms and signs of a disease reappear after a period of remission | Recurrent disease |
| A disease caused by a living microorganism | Infectious disease |
| Diseases which are easily transmitted from person-to-person | Contagious |
| Refers to the presence of macroscopic organisms in or on the body (ticks) | Infestation |
| Cause of disease is not known | Idiopathic |
| Disease results from the nature of ones working conditions (Coalminers disease) | Occupational |
| Diseases which are always present to some degree in a given area or community | Endemic |
| Diseases which are found to occur only occasionally in a community (polio) | Sporadic |
| Disease which affect a much larger than normal number of people in a community at one time | Epidemic |
| Diseases which affect the majority of the population in a very large area, possibly even worldwide (aids) | Pandemic |
| Refers to the number of cases of a disease within a certain population at a given time | Prevalence |
| Development of a disease after birth | Acquired disease |
| Present at or before birth | Congenital disease |
| A disease transmitted from parent to offspring. Genetic diseases are hereditary. | Hereditary disease |
| A disease characterized by the presence of a fever | Febrile disease |
| The state of being poisoned | Intoxication |
| A disease caused by the lack of some essential element | Deficience disease |
| One which results from a physicians treatment of patient | Iatrogenic |
| Any defect in formation, structure, or position of a body part | Malformations or anomalies |
| Absence of a body part | Aplasia |
| Under development of a body part | Hypoplasia |
| A defect in the walls of the lower part of the spinal cord. | Spina bifida |
| And excess number of fingers or toes | Polydactylism |
| Protrusion of an organ through the wall of the body cavity in which it is contained | Hernia |
| And abnormal tract or channel through the tissues, connecting one body cavity with another, or connecting a cavity with the surface of the body | Fistula |
| A sac-like structure, containing fluid or a semi-solid substance. | Cyst |
| Genetic defect resulting in various degrees of mental retardation, a dwarfed physique, and certain characteristic abnormalities of the head and extremities | Down's Syndrome (Monogolism) |
| Any change produced by a disease (cold sore, peptic ulcer, broken bone, abscess, chancres) | Lesion |
| Diseases have readily identifiable characteristic lesions | Organic disease |
| A disease with no apparent underlying organic disorder | Functional disease |
| Subjective manifestation of a disease. Those things which cannot be measured such as pain or malaise ("Just dont feel good") | Symptom |
| Objective manifestation of disease. Those things which can be measured such as blood pressure, body temperature, swelling, heart rate | Sign |
| A group of signs and symptoms that occur together. The sum of the signs and symptoms of any pathological condition | Syndrome |
| The determination of what disease exists. Analysis of patient history, signs, symptoms, and results of tests ordered by the physician | Diagnosis |
| The process by which a physician will rule out certain diseases with similar signs and symptoms so that an accurate determination can be made | Differential diagnosis |
| Prediction of the outcome of a disease | Prognosis |
| Abatement; temporary or permanent disappearance of signs and symptoms | Remission |
| A sudden increase in the severity of signs and symptoms | Exacerbation |
| Any unfavorable condition that may arise during a disease | Complication |
| The cause of a disease | Etiology |
| The development of a disease, what it causes, what changes it produces, and how it affects the structure | Pathogenesis |
| Remote aftereffects of disease. May appear 20 or 30 years after the acute stage. | Sequelae |
| A disease that arises during the course of another disease (Patient with cancer has a heart attack) | Intercurrent disease |
| Non-pus forming | Non-suppurative disease |
| A disease that can be transmitted from one person to another | Communicable disease |
| A state of hypersensitivity of the immune system; an overreaction to a harmless substance called an allergen | Allergy |
| A disease with no apparent underlying organic disorder | Functional disease |
| The various pathological processes indication some disturbance in cell metabolism | Regressive tissue change |
| Some sort of substance has infiltrated the tissues of the body and accumulated in abnormal amounts | Infiltration |
| When coloring matters pass into the tissues and accumulate, causing discoloration | Pigmentation |
| Coloring matter is from normal pigment present in the body | Endogenous |
| Pigment which entered the body from outside | Exogenous |
| Orange to yellowish pigment present in bile | Bilirubin |
| When bilirubin collects in the tissues causing a yellowish discoloration of the skins | Jaundice |
| Results from the hemolysis of red blood cells | Post-mortem stain |
| Abnormal amounts of melanin, accumulates in the tissues | Melanosis |
| Caused by coal dust | Anthracosis |
| Inhalation of stone dust (sandblasting) | Silicosis |
| Inhalation of cotton dust and related foreign materials (textile industry) | Byssinosis |
| Deterioration of cells within the body due to changes which occur within the cytoplasm of the cells and which affects their normal functions | Degeneration |
| Waxy, starch-like substance deposited in the tissues | Amyloid disease |
| The appearance cells take on when they are somewhat swollen and contain an abnormal amount of water. | Cloudy swelling (Cellular swelling) |
| When calcium is deposited within the tissues of the body with no attempt at bone formation | Pathological calcification |
| The decrease in size of a once normal body part | Atrophy |
| Decrease in size is normal, regular occurence in the human body | Physiological atrophy |
| Normal cell death with replacement | Necrobiosis |
| Cell death (gangrene) | Necrosis |
| No oxygen | Anoxia |
| Dry gangrene | Coagulation necrosis |
| Caused by saprophytic bacteria "eating" dead cells | Moist, wet, true gangrene |
| Various functional and structural problems which occur in the different organs of the body | Pathological atrophy |
| Without proper nutrients, maintenance of the normal structure, function, and size of the tissue may be impaired | Inadequate nutrition |
| Muscles require nervous stimulation to contract, create movement, and perform normal function; decreased in size due to loss of function | Inadequate nercous stimulation |
| Broken arm or leg with several weeks in cast | Disuse |
| The protection(antibodies)are made by the host | Active immunity |
| The protection comes from an outside source | Passive immunity |
| The study of neoplasms or tumors | Oncology |
| When an organ increases in size due to the failure of another organ (Kidney or lung) | Compensatory hypertrophy |
| Any new, abnormal growth of tissue in the dosy which serves no useful purpose | Neoplasm |
| A type of growth that is not neoplastic in nature. Increase in the size of a body part due to an increase in the size of individual cells | Hypertrophy |
| An increase in the size of a body part due to an increase in the number of cells in that organ | Hyperplasia |
| A replacement of one type of tissue in a mojor category by another type of tissue in that same category | Metaplasia |
| The more serious, life-threatening type; those we normally refer to as cancers | Malignant |
| Non-cancerous | Benign |
| Malignant tumors can spread from one body area to another | Metastasis |
| Any agent capable of causing cancer | Carcinogen |
| Smooth or involuntary muscle tissue | Leiomyoma |
| Voluntary muscle tissue | Rhabdomyoma |
Created by:
arc123
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