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LOM ch 8
Female reproductive system
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Adnexa uteri | Fallopian tubes, ovaries, and supporting ligaments |
| Amenorrhea | Absence of menses for 6 months or for longer than 3 three of the patient's normal menstrual cycle |
| Amniocentesis | Surgical puncture to remove fluid from the amnion |
| Amnion | Inner most membranous sac surrounding the developing fetus |
| Amniotic fluid | Fluid that is contained within the amniotic sac |
| Anovulatory | Ovulation does not occur; ovum is not released from ovary |
| Areola | Dark-pigmented area surrounding the breast nipple |
| Bartholin glands | Small mucus-secreting exocrine glands at the vaginal orifice(opening to outside of the body) |
| Cephalic version | The fetus turns so that the head is the body part closest to the cervix( it can occur spontaneously or by a physician |
| Cervix | Lower, neck-like portion of the uterus |
| Chorion | Outermost layer of the two membranes surrounding the embryo; it forms the fetal part of the placenta |
| Chorionic | Pertaining to the chorion |
| Clitoris | Organ of sensitive erectile tissue anterior to the opening of the female urethra |
| Coitus | Sexual intercourse; copulation |
| Colposcopy | Visual examination of the vagina |
| Corpus Luteum | Empty ovarian follicle that secretes progesterone after the release of the egg cell |
| Cul-de-sac | Region in the lower abdomen, midway between the rectum and the uterus |
| Culdocentesis | Surgical puncture of the cul-de-sac |
| Dysmenorrhea | Pain during menstration |
| Dyspareunia | Painful sexual intercourse |
| Dystocia | Difficult labor or birth |
| Embryo | Stage in prenatal development from 2-8 weeks |
| Endocervicitis | Inflammation of the inner lining of the cervix |
| Endometritis | Inflammation of the inner lining of the uterus |
| Endometrium | Inner, mucous membrane lining of the uterus |
| Episiotomy | Incision of the vulva (the perineum) |
| Estrogen | Hormone produced by the ovaries |
| Fallopian tube | One of a pair of ducts through which the ovum travels to the uterus |
| Fertilization | Union of the sperm cell and ovum from which the embryo develops |
| Fetal presentation | Manner in which the fetus appears to the examiner during delivery |
| Fetus | Stage in prenatal development from 8 to 39 or 40 weeks |
| Fimbriae | Finger-or finger like projections at the end of the fallopian tubes |
| Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) | Secreted by the pituitary gland to stimulate maturation of the egg cell (ovum) |
| Galactorrhea | Discharge of milk (abnormal amount) |
| Gamete | Male or female sexual reproductive cell: sperm cell or ovum |
| Genitalia | Reproductive organs; also called genitals |
| Gestation | Period from fertilization of the ovum to birth |
| Gonad | Female or male reproductive organ that produces sex cells and hormones; ovary and testis |
| Gynecology | Study of the female reproductive organs including the breasts |
| Gynecomastia | Condition of female breasts (enlarged) in a male |
| Human Chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) | Hormone produced by the placenta to sustain pregnancy by stimulating (-tropin) the ovaries to produce estrogen and progesterone |
| Hymen | Mucous membrane partially or completely covering the opening to the vagina |
| Hysterectomy | Removal of the uterus |
| Hysteroscopy | Visual examination of the uterus (endoscopic) |
| Intrauterine (IUD) | Device inserted into uterus to prevent implantation of a fertilized egg |
| Involution | The uterus returns to its normal nonpregnant size |
| Labia | Lips of the vagina; labia majora are the larger, outermost lips, and labia minora are the smaller, innermost lips |
| Lactation | Secretion of milk |
| Lactiferous ducts | Tubes that carry milk within the breast |
| Leukorrhea | Discharge of white vaginal secretion, which is normal or a sign of infection if it becomes yellow |
| Luteinizing hormone (LH) | Hormone produced by the pituitary gland; promotes ovulation |
| Mammary | Pertaining to the breast |
| Mammary papilla | Nipple of the breast. A papilla is any small nipple-shaped projection |
| Mammoplasty | Surgical repair of the breast |
| Mastectomy | Removal of a breast |
| Mastitis | Inflammation of a breast |
| Menarche | Beginning of the first menstrual period and ability to reproduce |
| Menometrorrhagia | Excessive uterine bleeding at and between menstrual periods |
| Menopause | Gradual ending of menstruation |
| Menorrhea | Menstrual discharge |
| Menorrhagia | Excessive discharge of blood during menstration |
| Menstruation | Monthly shedding of the uterine lining |
| Metrorrhagia | Excessive discharge of blood from the uterus between menstrual periods |
| Multigravida | A woman who has been pregnant more than once |
| Multipara | A woman who has had many births |
| Myomectomy | Removal of a muscle tumor (fibroid) |
| Myometrium | Muscle layer lining the uterus |
| Neonatal | Pertaining to newborn |
| Neonatology | Branch of medicine that studies the disorders and care of the newborn (neonate) |
| Nullipara | A woman who has not had any vaginal births |
| Obstetrics | Branch of medicine concerned with pregnancy and childbirth |
| Oligomenorrhea | Infrequent menstrual periods or scanty menses |
| Oocyte | Immature ovum |
| Oogenesis | The formation of an ovum |
| Oophorectomy | Removal of an ovary |
| Oophoritis | Inflammation of an ovary |
| Orifice | An opening |
| Ovarian | Pertaining to an ovary |
| Ovarian follicle | Developing sac enclosing each ovum within the ovary |
| Ovary | One of a pair of female organs (gonads) on each side of the pelvis that produce egg cells and hormones |
| Ovulation | Release of an ovum from the ovary |
| Ovum; ova | Mature egg cell (female gamete) |
| Oxytocia | Rapid labor and delivery |
| Oxytocin | A hormone which stimluate the pregnant uterus to contract (labor begins) |
| Parturition | Act of giving birth |
| Perineorrhaphy | Suture of the perineum |
| Perineum | In females, the area between the anus and the vagina |
| Pituitary gland | Endocrine gland at the base of the brain that produces hormones to stimulate the ovaries |
| Placenta | Vascular organ that develops in the uterine wall during pregnancy. It serves as a communication between maternal and fetal bloodstreams |
| Pregancy | Condition in a female of having a developing embryo and fetus in her uterus for about 40 weeks |
| Prenatal | Pertaining to before birth |
| Primagravida | A woman during her first pregnancy |
| Primapara | Woman who has had or who is giving birth to her first child |
| Primaparous | An adjective describing a woman who has givin birth to at least one child |
| Progesterone | Hormone produced by the corpus luteum in the ovary and the placenta of a pregnant woman |
| Psuedocyesis | False pregnancy |
| Puberty | Point in the life cycle at which secondary sex characteristics appear and gametes are produced |
| Pyosalpinx | Pus in the fallopian tube |
| Retroversion | The uterus is abnormally tilted backward |
| Salpingectomy | Removal of fallopian tube |
| Salpingitis | Inflammation of the fallopian tube |
| Uterine sorosa | Outermost layer surrounding the uterus |
| Uterus | Hollow, pear-shaped muscular female organ in which the embryo and fetus develop, and from which menstruation occurs |
| Vagina | Muscular, mucosa-lined canal extending from the uterus to the exterior of the body |
| Vaginal orifice | Pertaining to the opening of the vagina |
| Vaginitis | Inflammation of the vagina |
| Vulva | External female genitalia; includes the labia, hymen, clitoris, and vaginal orifice |
| Vulvovaginitis | Inflammation of the vulva and vagina |
| Zygote | Stage in prenatal development from fertilization and implantation to 2 weeks |
| Abortion | Spontaneous or induced termination of pregnancy before the embryo or fetus can exist on its own |
| Abruptio plancentae | Premature separation of the implanted placenta |
| Apgar score | A system of scoring an infant's physical condition 1 and 5 minutes after birth |
| Aspiration | Withdrawal of fluid from a cavity or sac with an instrument using suction |
| Carcinoma in situ | Localized form of cancer in cervix |
| Carcinoma of the breast | Malignant tumor of the breast (arising from milk glands and ducts) |
| Carcinoma of the cervix | Malignant cells within the cervix (cervical cancer) |
| Carcinoma of the endometrium | Malignant tumor of the uterus (adenocarcinoma) |
| Cauterization | Destruction of tissue by burning |
| Cervical dysplasia | Abnormal cell growth within the cervix |
| Cervicitis | Inflammation of the cervix |
| Cesarean section | Surgical incision of the abdominal wall and uterus to deliver a fetus |
| Choriocarcinoma | Malignant tumor of the placenta |
| Chorionic villus sampling (CVS) | Sampling of placental tissue (chorionic villi) for prenatal diganosis |
| Colposcopy | Visual examination of the vagina and cervix using a colposcope |
| Conization | Removal of a cone-shaped section (cone biopsy) of the cervix |
| Cryocauterization | Use of cold temperatures to destroy tissue |
| Culdocentesis | Needle aspiration of fluid from the cul-de-ace |
| Cystadenocarcinoma | Malignant tumor cells in ovary |
| Cystadenocarcinoma | Malignant cysts within the ovary that are lined with atypical cells |
| Dermoid cysts | An ovarian cyst lined with a variety of cell types, including skin, hair,teeth, and cartilage, and arise from immature cells in the ovary |
| Dilatation | Widening of the cervix done by inserting a series of probes into the uterus |
| Dilation and curettage (D&C) | Widening the cervix and scraping off the endometrial lining of the uterus |
| Eptopic pregnancy | Implantation of the fertilized egg in any site other than the normal uterine location |
| Endometriosis | Endometrial tissue located outside the uterus |
| Erythroblastosis fetalis | Hemolytic disease in the newborn caused by a blood group (Rh factor) incompatability between the mother and the fetus |
| Exenteration | Removal of internal organs within a cavity |
| Fetal monitoring | Continuous recording of the fetal heart rate and maternal uterine contractions to reduce fetal distress during labor |
| Fibrocystic diease | Numerous small sacs of fibrous connective tissue and fluid in the breast |
| Fibroids | Benign tumors in the uterus |
| Hyaline membrane disease | Acute lung disease commonly seen the the premature newborn |
| Hydrocephalus | Accumulation of fluid in the spaces of the brain |
| Hysterosalpingography | X-ray imaging of the uterus and fallopian tubes after injection of contrast material |
| In vitro fertilization (IVF) | Egg and sperm are combined outside the body in a laboratory dish (in vitro) to facilitate fertilization |
| Laparoscopy | Visual examination of the abdominal cavity using an endoscope (laparoscopy) |
| Leiomyomas | Another word for fibroids which means benign tumors in the uterus |
| lumen | Opening |
| Mammography | X-ray imaging of the breast |
| Meconium aspiration syndrome | Abnormal inhalation of meconium (first stool) produced by a fetus or newborn |
| Multiple gestation | More than one fetus inside the uterus |
| Ovarian carcinoma | Malignant tumor of the ovary (adenocarcinoma) |
| Ovarian cysts | Collections of fluid within a sac (cyst) in the ovary |
| Palpation | Examining by touch |
| Pap test | Microscopic examination of stained cells removed from the vagina and cervix |
| Pelvic inflammatory disease | Inflammation and infection of organs in the pelvic region |
| Pelvic ultrasonography | Recording images of sound waves as they bounce off organs in the pelvic region |
| Pelvimetry | Measurement of the dimensions of the maternal pelvis |
| Placenta previa | Implantation of the placenta over the cervical opening or in the lower region of the uterus |
| Preeclampsia | abnormal condition associated with pregnancy, marked by high blood pressure, proteinuria, edema, and headache |
| Pyloric stenosis | Narrowing of the opening of the stomach to the duodenum |
| Respiratory distress syndrome | Acute lung disease commonly seen in the premature newborn...also called hyaline membrane disease |
| Tubal ligation | Blocking the fallopian tubes to prevent fertilization from occuring |
Created by:
mscardenas
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