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G146 - Cold War
Mr. Dowd's Class: Unit 16
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Cold War | A conflict that comes short of direct military means |
| NATO | The North Atlantic Treaty Organization, a defense alliance including, the United States and Great Britain |
| Iron Curtain | A metaphor for the division between communist and non-communist countries in Europe |
| Marshall Plan | Allowed the United States to send supplies and aid to help rebuild Europe's economies |
| Truman Doctrine | Allowed the US to send aid to countries that rejected communism |
| Bay of Pigs | An invasion of Cuba by CIA trained Cuban exiles, when the US failed to provide air support, the invaders were easily defeated |
| Cultural Revolution | An uprising led by the Red Guards to achieve a society for workers and peasants, intellectual activity was also discouraged and punished during this movement |
| Cuban Missile Crisis | The Soviets set up 42 missile launch sites in Cuba causing a nuclear scare in the Untied States, The Soviets eventually removed these sites in return for the US agreement not to invade Cuba, also leading to Soviet leader Khrushchev's loss of prestige |
| Domino Theory | The belief that if one country accepts communism, its neighboring nations will take it up as well, this idea was presented by Eisenhower |
| Sputnik | The first human-made satellite put into orbit around the Earth, it was launched by the Soviets during the space race, effectively beating the Americans |
| Space Race | A competition between the United States and the Soviet Union to achieve technological goals first, particularly those related to aerospace travel |
| U2 Incident | The United States began to fly spy planes over Soviet territory to keep watch for nuclear preparations, one of these planes was shot down and its pilot, Francis Gray Powers, was captured |
| Tienanmen Square | To site of a student-led protest to bring democracy to China |
| Chernobyl | The site of a nuclear accident resulting from failure to use proper safety protocol |
| Hydrogen Bomb | A thermonuclear weapon whose power comes from atomic fusion rather than fission as in the Atomic Bomb |
| Berlin Wall | A physical border separating Soviet-controlled East Berlin from the Western sections |
| Detente | The policy of lowering Cold War tensions, derived from Realpolitik, replaced Brinksmanship |
| Korean War | A conflict between Soviet-supported Communist North Korean factions and the South Koreans, supported by the United States trying to contain the spread of communism in the region |
| 38th Parallel | An imaginary line that crosses Korea at 38 degrees North Latitude, dividing North and South Korea closely to the actual line |
| Vietnam War | A conflict in which Vietnamese people tried to eliminate an oppressive leader, the Untied States intervened disastrously inn an attempt to stop the spread of communism in the region |
| Khmer Rouge | A group of communist rebel who set up a brutal communist government in Cambodia led by Pol Pot |
| Brinksmanship | The political strategy of going to the edge of war to gain influence on a situation |
| Warsaw Pact | A multinational alliance formed in response to NATO, including the USSR |
| Containment | The policy of stopping the spread of communist influence and government, as suggested by president Truman |
| United Nations | An international organization that tries to promote peace and global cooperation |
| Yalta Conference | A meeting of the leaders of Great Britain, the Soviet Union, and the United States to divide Germany and Berlin into zones |
| Potsdam Conference | After Stalin installed communist governments in countries near Russia's Western border, Truman, Churchill, and Stalin met to try and resolve tensions, Stalin refused to allow free elections |
| Berlin Airlift | After Stalin blockaded the East Berlin zone, British and American planes flew supplies in, eventually causing Stalin to lift the blockade |
| Destalinization | Khrushchev's policy of ridding the Soviet Union of any memory of Stalin |
| Third World | Nonaligned countries that are politically unstable and economically challenged |
| Iranian Revolution | The revolt led by Ayatollah Khomeini to rid Iran of the oppressive and secular Shah Pahlavi as well as American influence in the region |
| Iranian Hostage Crisis | After Iranian revolutionary students seized the US Embassy, they held hostages for 444 days until the Americans withdrew their influence and put Shah Pahlavi on trial |
| Taliban | A group of terrorists that emerged from the Mujahideen in Afghanistan |
| SALT | Strategic Arms Limitation Talks, limited the amount of Intercontinental Ballistic Missiles and submarine-launched missiles a country could have, signed by the United States and the Soviet Union |
| Mao Zedong | The communist leader in China |
| Ho Chi Minh | The nationalist communist leader of North Vietnam |
| John F Kennedy | The US president during the Bay of Pigs and the Cuban Missile Crisis |
| Nikita Khrushchev | The Soviet president during the Cuban Missile Crisis |
| Fidel Castro | The Cuban Communist Dictator |
| Ayatollah Khomeini | The leader of the Iranian Revolution, was against secular rule |
| Richard Nixon | The first US president to visit China, signed the first SALT treaty and helped improve American-Soviet relations with Detente |
| Lyndon Johnson | The US president who entered American soldiers in the Vietnam War |
| Ronald Reagan | An anti-communist American president who increased economic and military pressure on the Soviets, put more money into defense, and planned the Strategic Defense Initiative |
| Mikhail Gorbachev | A Soviet leader who wanted to bring the American-Soviet conflicts to an end, came up with the idea of Perestroika |
| Apartheid | A policy of economic and political segregation against non-European people, used in South Africa |
| Perestroika | Gorbachev's plan for economic restructuring of the Soviet Union by giving local managers greater authority and allowing small private business to be created |
| Glasnost | A Soviet policy giving greater freedom of speech and press to its people |
| OPEC | Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries, an organization that works to stabilize control of the Petroleum markets |
| Soviet-Afghan War | The Soviet equivalent of the Vietnam War, in which the Soviets tried to stabilize communist government in Afghanistan while fighting the United States-supported terrorist group, the Mujahideen |
| Mutual Assured Destruction | The state of the Cold War in which the Soviet's nuclear arsenal matched that of the United States and either side could destroy the other repeatedly, bringing the idea that "whoever shoots first, dies second" |
| Star Wars (Strategic Defense Initiative) | A program designed by president Reagan to protect against enemy missile attacks, possibly using new, sometimes abstract, means such as lasers |
| Eisenhower Doctrine | US president Eisenhower's foreign policy that encouraged the use of American forces to stop the spread of communism in the Middle east and to give economic aid to countries with anti-communist governments |
| Suez Canal Crisis | A conflict over control of the Suez Canal after Egypt nationalized it, Soviet forces threatened to end it with force and restore peace by themselves |
Created by:
Vingkan
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