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G146 - Revolutions
Mr. Dowd's Class: Unit 10
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| French Revolution | A time period in which the lower classes of France revolted to achieve a democratic government |
| National Assembly | The members of the Third Estate who created a new constitution for France during the French Revolution |
| Great Fear | The period of the French Revolution in which peasants used force to demand food and later oust the king and queen |
| Jacobins | A group of radicals during the French Revolution who included Jean-Paul Marat, Georges Danton, and Maximilien Robespierre |
| Reign of Terror | The period of the French Revolution in which Maximilien Robespierre controlled France and executed many people, mostly various peasants |
| Conservatives | People who believe in keeping what is already present, in the case of the French Revolution, these people wanted to maintain monarchy |
| Napoleonic Code | A uniform set of laws created by Napoleon Bonaparte that combated injustice, but also limited freedom of speech and press, as well ass increasing slavery in French colonies |
| Scorched-Earth Policy | A tactic used by the Russian army that burns crop fields so that enemy armies have nothing to eat |
| Battle of Waterloo | A battle during Napoleon's "Hundred Days" campaign in which the British and Prussian forces defeated the French and exiled Napoleon for good |
| Latin American Revolutions | As the French Revolution and Napoleon's shenanigans upset Europe's peace, colonies in South and Central America took the opportunity to claim independence |
| Emancipation | Gaining political rights and equality from a "Mother Group" e.g., Freedom from slavery or independence |
| Old Regime | The social system in France in which Nobles and Clergymen control the power, wealth, and land |
| Tennis Court Oath | A pledge made by the third estate Delegates to stay in a Tennis Court at the Palace of Versailles until they had drawn up a new constitution |
| Declaration of the Rights of Man | Organized by the National Assembly, said that "Men are born free and remain equal" |
| Guillotine | A execution machine that beheaded prisoners by using a very sharp blade and the forces of gravity |
| Committee of Public Safety | Was a political organization during the Reign of Terror headed by Maximilien Robespierre whose chief job was to protect the revolution from its enemies, often by executing them |
| Moderates | People who desire change but not to the extent of Radical parties |
| Battle of Trafalgar | Against the British fleet, one of Napoleon's only loses, ended his chance of invading Great Britain |
| Russian Invasion | Napoleon's (Failed) attempt to invade Russia after alliance disconnects with Czar Alexander I, the return through Russian winter resulted in the loss of almost all of his troops |
| Congress of Vienna | A meeting of delegates from European countries to restore peace and order to the continent following Napoleon's exile |
| Mulatto | The social group in Colonial Latin America consisting of European-Africans and enslaved Africans |
| Bourgeoisie | Middle Class French people, including merchants |
| First Estate | Clergymen, church officials, A "Privileged Estate" |
| Second Estate | Nobles, A "Privileged Estate" |
| Third Estate | Middle Class, workers, laborers, and peasants |
| Estates General | A representative assembly with members from all three estates |
| Bastille | A French Prison |
| Emigres | Nobles and others who wanted the Old Regime to return to France |
| Liberal | A person favorable to progress and reform |
| Coup d'etat | Sudden seizure of power |
| Radicals | People who want vast changes to be made |
| Continental System | A blockade set up by Napoleon to cut off Great Britain from the rest of Europe |
| 100 Days | Napoleon's campaign to regain power in France after his first exile |
| Balance of Power | A state in which no country can easily overpower another |
| Creole | A social group in Colonial Latin America consisting of Europeans born there |
| Peninsulars | Colonists born in Spain who could hold high office |
| Louis XVI | An indecisive French king who ruled before the Revolution began, married to Marie Antoinette |
| Maximilien Robespierre | A Jacobin member who seized power during a period known as "The Reign of Terror" and worked to erase every memory of France's past |
| Jose de San Martin | A liberator in the Latin American Revolution, helped free Chile |
| Marie Antoinette | Married to Louis XVI, known for gambling and losing s lot of money, executed during "The Reign of Terror" |
| Klemens von Metternich | An Austrian politician who set three goals at the Congress of Vienna: Prevent France from rising to an attack again, achieve a "Balance of Power", and reinstate royal monarchs to their thrones |
| Toussaint L'Ouverture | The leader of the Haitian revolution, succeeded by Jean-Jacques Dessalines |
| Napoleon Bonaparte | A French military leader who seized power over France after the revolution |
| Simon Bolivar | A liberator in the Latin American Revolution, Freed Venezuela, and drove the Spanish out of Latin America, achieving his dream of a united "Gran Colombia" |
| Father Miguel Hidalgo | Called for the Mexican Revolution against Spain |
Created by:
Vingkan
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