Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
LOM Ch 5
LOM Ch 5 - Digestive System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| perianal | Pertaining to surrounding the anus |
| appendectomy | Removal (resection) of the appendix |
| appendicitis | Inflammation of the appendix |
| buccal mucosa | The mucous membrane (mucosa) lining of the cheek |
| cecal | Pertaining to the cecum |
| celiac | Pertaining to the abdomen |
| cheliosis | Abnormal condition of the lip |
| cholecystectomy | Removal of the gallbladder |
| choledochotomy | Incision of the common bile duct |
| colostomy | New opening of the colon to the outside of the body |
| colonic | pertaining to the colon |
| colonoscopy | Process of visual examination of the colon |
| dentibuccal | pertaining to the tooth and cheek |
| duodenal | Pertaining to the duodemum (first part of the small intestine) |
| enterocolitis | Inflammation of the small and large intestines |
| enterocolostomy | New opening between the small and large intestines (literally, the middle of the intestines) |
| parenteral | Pertaining to apart from the intestines (refers to delivery of substances anyway other than through the digestive tract) |
| esophageal | Pertaining to the esophagus |
| facial | pertaining to the face |
| gastrostomy | New opening of the stomach to the outside of the body; this may be necessary to introduce food into the stomach |
| gingivitis | Inflammation of the gums |
| hypoglossal | Pertaining to underneath the tongue |
| ileostomy | New opening of the ileum to the outside of the body |
| choledochojejunostomy | Term used for surgical anastomosis (create of a new opening) between the common bile duct and the jejunum. |
| gastrojejunostomy | Term for a new opening between the stomach the jejunum (a new opening is surgically created through a procedure called anastomosis). |
| labial | Pertaining to the lip |
| laparoscopy | Visual examination of the stomach |
| sublingual | Pertaining to under the tongue submandibular |
| orthodontist | Dentist specializing in straightening teeth |
| periodontist | Dentist specializing in gums endodontist (root canal specialist) |
| oral | Pertaining to the mouth |
| pancreatitis | Inflammation of the pancreas |
| peritonitis | Inflammation of the peritoneum |
| pharyngeal | Pertaining to the throat |
| pyloroplasty | Surgical repair of the pyloric sphincter |
| rectocele | Hernia of the rectum sialadentitis |
| sigmoidoscopy | Visual examination of the sigmoid |
| stomatitis | Inflammation of the mouth |
| amylase | Enzyme that digests starch |
| biliary | Pertaining to bile |
| hyperbilirubinemia | High levels of bilirubin (yellow/orange pigment) in the bloodstream - the cause of jaundice (icterus). |
| cholelithhaisis | Abnormal condition of gall stones |
| achlorhydria | Lack of hydrochloric acid |
| hyperglycemia | High blood sugar |
| gycogenolysis | Breakdown of glycogen to form sugar (glucose) |
| lipoma | Tumor of fat (benign) cholecystolithiasis |
| protease | Enzyme that digests protein |
| sialolith | salivary (gland) stone |
| steatorrhea | Discharge of fats (in feces) |
| choledocholithiasis | Condition of stones in the common bile duct |
| postprandial | Pertaining to after meals |
| absorption | Passage of materials through the walls of the small intestine into the bloodstream |
| amino acids | Small building blocks of protein (like links in a chain), released when proteins are digested. |
| anastomosis | The surgical creation of a new opening between two tubular organs. (intestinal segments, blood vessels, fallopian tube) |
| anus | Terminal end or opening of the digestive tract to the outside of the body |
| appendix | Blind pouch hanging from the cecum. Located in the Right Lower quadrent of the abdoman |
| bile | Digestive juce made in the liver and stored in the gallbladder. it breaks up large fat gobules |
| bilirubin | Pigment released by the liver with bile |
| bowel | Intestine |
| canine teeth | pointed, dog-like teeth next to the incisors |
| cecum | First part of the large intestine |
| colon | Large intestine |
| common bile duct | Carries bile from the liver and gallbladder to the duodenum |
| defecation | Elimination of feces from the digestive tract through the anus |
| deglutition | Swallowing |
| dentin | The main substance of the tooth (yellow and composed of bony tissue) that lies beneath the hard, outermost layer. |
| digestion | Breakdown of complex foods to simpler forms |
| duodenum | First part of the small intestine |
| elimination | Act of removal of materials from the body. |
| emulsification | The physical process of breaking up large fat globules into smaller globules, thereby increasing the surface area that enzymes can use to digest the fat. |
| enamel | Hard outermost layer of a tooth |
| endodontist | performs root canal therapy |
| enteroenterostomy | New opening between two previously unconnected parts of the small intestine |
| enzyme | A chemical that speeds up a reaction between substances |
| esophagus | Tube connecting the throat tot he stomach |
| fatty acids | Substances produced when fatss are digested |
| feces | Solid waste; stool |
| gallbladder | Small sac under the liver, stores bile |
| gastrointestinal tract | the digestive tract; starts at the mouth and ends at the anus |
| gastrojejunostomy | part of teh gastric bypass procedure |
| gluconeogenesis | Process used by the liver to produce new sugar from proteins and fats when the body is in need. |
| glucose | Simple sugar |
| glycogen | Starch, glucose is stored in the form of glycogen in the liver cells |
| hepatoma or hepatocellular carcinoma | Cancer that starts in the liver |
| hydrochloric acid | Substances produced by the stomach; necessary for digestion of food |
| ileitis | Inflammation of the ileum, a portion of the small intestine |
| ileum | Third part of the small intestine |
| incisor | One of four front teeth in the dental arch |
| insulin | Hormone produced by the endocrine cells of the pancreas |
| jejunum | Second part of the small intestine |
| lipase | Pancreatic enzyme necessary to digest fat |
| liver | Secretes bile; stores sugar, iron, and vitamins; produces blood proteins; and destroys worn-out red blood cells. Located in the RUQ of the abdomen |
| lower esophageal sphincter | Ring of muscle between the esophagus and the stomach |
| mastication | Chewing |
| mesentery | A membrane that is part of the double fold of peritoneum (that stretches around the organs in the abdomen) - this lies in the middle of the intestines; holds intestines together and attaches them to the dorsal (back) body wall. |
| molar teeth | The sixth, seventh, and eighth teeth from the middle on either side of teh dental arch |
| palate | Roof of the mouth - the hard palate forms the anterior portion - soft palate is the muscular posterior portion |
| palatoplasty | Procedure to repair cleft palate and cleft lip: repair of the cleft palate. |
| pancreas | Organ under the stomach; produces insulin and enzymes |
| papillae | Small elevations on the tongue |
| parotid gland | Salivary gland within the check, just anterior to the ear |
| peristalsis | Rhythmic contractions of the tubular organs |
| pharynx | Throat, the common passageway for food from the mouth and for air from the nose |
| portal vein | Large vein bringing blood to the liver from the intestines |
| premolar teeth | Fourth and fifth teeth, before the molars |
| proctologist | One who specializes with the branch of medicine that deals with the anus and rectum |
| pulp | Soft tissue within the teeth, containing nerves and blood vessels |
| pyloric sphincter | Ring of muscle at the end of teh stomach, near the duodenum. |
| pylorus | Distal region of the stomach, opening of the duodenum |
| rectum | Last section of the large intestine, connecting the end of the colon and the anus |
| rugae | Irregular ridges (folds & creases)on the hard palate and the wall of the stomach. |
| saliva | Digestive juice produced by the salivary glands |
| salivary glands | Parotid, sublingual, and submandibular glands |
| sigmoid colon | Fourth and last, S-shaped segment of the colon, just before the rectum; empties into the rectum |
| sphincter | Circular ring of muscle that constricts a passage or closes a natural opening |
| triglycerides | Fat molecules composed of three parts fatty acids and one part glycerol |
| uvula | Soft tissue hanging from the middle of the soft palate |
| villi | microscopic projections in the wall of the small intestine that absorb nutrients into the bloodstream |
| achalasia | Failure of the lower esophagus sphincter (LES) muscle to relax |
| anal fistula | Abnormal tube-like pasageway near the anus |
| anorexia | lack of appetite |
| aphthous stomatitis | inflamation of the mouth with small, painful ulcers (sores) |
| ascites | Abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdomen |
| borborygmus | Rumbling or gurgling noise produced by the movement of gas, fluid, or both in the Gastrointestinal tract |
| cholelithiasis | The abnormal condition in which stones are present in the gallbladder |
| cirrhosis | chronic degenerative disease of the liver - may be associated with alcoholism |
| colonic polyps | benign growths protruding from the mucous membrane of the colon |
| colorectal cancer | adenocarcinoma of the colon or rectum, or both |
| constipation | Difficulty in passing stools |
| Crohns disease | Chronic inflamation of the intestinal tract |
| dental caries | Tooth decay |
| diarrhea | Frequent passage of loose, watery stools |
| diverticulitis | when fecal matter becomes trapped in diverticula |
| diverticulosis | Abnormal outpouchings in the intestinal wall |
| dysentery | painful, inflamed intestines commonly caused by bacterial infection |
| dysphagia | Difficulty in swallowing |
| eructation | Gas expelled from the stomach through the mouth |
| esophageal cancer | Malignant tumor of the esophagus |
| esophageal varices | Swollen, tortuous (twisted) veins at the lower end of the esophagus |
| etiology | Cause of an illness |
| flatus | Gas expelled thru the anus |
| gastric cancer | Malignant tumor of the stomach |
| gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) | Solids and fluids return to the mouth from the stomach |
| hematochezia | Passage of fresh, bright red blood from the rectum |
| hemorrhoids | swollen, twisted, varicose veins in the rectal region |
| hepatic stomatitis | Inflamation of the mouth caused by infection with the herpesvirus |
| hiatal hernia | Upper part of the stomach protrudes upward through the diaphragm |
| idiopathic | cause of illness is unknown |
| ileus | Loss of peristalsis with resulting obstruction of the intestines |
| inflammatory bowel disease | Chronic inflammation of all or part of your digestive tract: both ulcerative colitis and Crohn's are considered inflammatory bowel disease. |
| inguinal hernia | small loop of bowel protrudes through a weak lower abdominal muscle (groin area) |
| intussuception | Telescoping of the intestines |
| irritable bowel syndrome | Group of gastrointestinal symptoms associated with stress and tension that leads to abdominal pain and cramping, changes in bowel movements. |
| jaundice | Yellow-orange coloration of the skin and whites of the eyes caused by high levels of bilirubin in the blood (hyperbilirubinemia); also referred to as icterus |
| melena | Black, tarry stools; feces containing digested blood |
| nausea | Unpleasant sensation in the stomach associated with a tendency to vomit. |
| oral leukoplakia | White plaques or patches on the mucosa of the mouth. |
| pancreatic cancer | Malignant tumor of the pancreas |
| pancreatitis | Inflamation of the pancreas |
| peptic ulcer | Open sore in the lining of the stomach or duodenum |
| peridontal disease | Inflamation and degeneration of gums, teeth, and surrounding bone |
| ulcerative colitis | Chronic inflammation of the colon with presence of ulcers |
| viral hepatitis | Inflamation of the liver caused by a virus (Hepatitis A, B, or C) |
| steatorrhea | Discharge of fat in the feces due to improper digestion and malabsorption of fat; frothy, foul-smelling fecal matter |
| omentum | A part of the mesentery - hangs down like an apron over the intestines. |
| sign | An objective finding - such as increase in body temperature, rash, sound heard on listening to the chest - signs can be perceived by the examiner. |
| symptom | A subjective sensation or change in health - such as itching, pain, fatique, or nausea - as experienced by the patient (cannot be verified |
Created by:
mscardenas
Popular Medical sets