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chptr 11 respiratory
respiratory system
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| carbon dioxide | capn/o |
| functions of the respiratory system | filtering, warming, humidifying air |
| functions of the respiratory system | regulation of blood pH |
| functions of the respiratory system | role in sound, speech, and olfaction (sense of smell). |
| spir/o | respiration |
| inspiration | inhalation |
| oxygen | ox/o, ox/i |
| expiration | exhalation |
| inspiration | exchange of gases between the lungs and the blood |
| expiration/exhalation | process of exchanging O2 and CO2 between the external and the lungs |
| pulmonologist | respiratory specialist |
| upper respiratory tract pathway | nose, pharynx, larynx |
| nas/o, rhin/o | nose |
| pharyng/o | pharynx, throat |
| laryng/o | larynx, voicebox |
| lower respiratory tract pathway | trachea, bronchial tree, lungs |
| trache/o | trachea, windpipe |
| bronch/o, bronchi/o | bronchial tree |
| pulmon/o, pneum/o, pneumon/o | lungs |
| laryng/o is a combing form for the | voicebox |
| a combing form for a structure in the lower respiratory system is | trache/o |
| nose is... | 2 nares(where air enters), nasal septum(divides the nares), cilia(nose hairs), nasal cavity |
| what is the paranasal sinuses | frontal, maxillary, sphenoid and ethmoid cavities(these get there name from the bone in which they are located) |
| sin/o, sinus/o | paranasal sinuses (nasal cavity is connected to this) |
| plural of sinus | sinuses |
| salaping/o 2 meanings | eustachian tubes, fallopian tubes |
| brachi/o | arm not bronchial tubes |
| in the pharynx | nasopahrynx, eustachian tubes, pharyngeal tonsils/adenoids, orophrynx, palatine tonsils, laryngopharynx |
| nasopharynx | a part of the throat behind the nasal cavity |
| eustachian tubes (salping/0) | tube that connects the ears to the throat |
| pharyngeal tonsils/adenoids (adenoid/o) | protect against pathogens |
| oropharynx | part of the throat posterior to the oral cavity |
| palatine tonsils (tonsill/o/) | lymphatic tissue, named because they are continous witht the roof of the mouth |
| laryngopharynx | named because it's proximty to the larynx |
| what makes up the larynx (laryng/o) voicebox | epiglottis |
| epiglottis (epiglott/o) | flap of cartliage at the opening of the larynx that closes access to the trachea during swallowing |
| vocal cords | vibrate to produce speech |
| mediastinum mediastin/o | space between lungs |
| carina | trachea bifurcates (branches) |
| bronchi bronch/o, bronchi/o | right and left |
| bronchioles bronchio/o | smaller branches of bronchi |
| alveoli | air sacs |
| lungs | divided into lobes lob/o |
| pleura pleur/o | each lung is enclosed in this double-folded serous membrane |
| diaphragm and intercostal muscles | muscles reponsible for normal respiration |
| phren/o, diaphragm/o, diaphragmat/o | diaphragm |
| combining form for pharyngeal tonsils | adenoid/o |
| combing for for the double-folded serous membrane surrounding the lungs | pleur/o |
| aphonia | loss of ablity to make sounds |
| cheyne-stokes respiration | deep, rapid breathing followed by a period of apnea |
| clubbing | abnormal enlargement of the distal phalnges as a result of diminished oxygen in the blood |
| cyanosis | lack of oxygen in blood seen as bluish or grayish dicoloration of skin, nailbeds and or lips |
| cyan | blue |
| epistaxis | nosebleeds |
| phon/e | sound |
| pytsis | spitting |
| capn/o | carbon dioxide |
| hyper | excessive |
| hypo | deficient |
| hemoptysis | coughing up blood |
| hypercapnia | excessive carbon dioxide in the blood |
| hyperventilation | abnormally increased breathing |
| hypoxemia | deficient oxygen in the blood |
| hypoxia | deficient oxygen in the tissue |
| pleurodynia | pain in the chest caused by inflammation of the intercoastal muscles |
| pyrexia | fever |
| rhinorrhea | runny nose, disharge from nose |
| shortness of breath SOB | breathlessness, air hunger |
| sputum | mucous coughed up from the lungs and expectorated through the mouth |
| thoracodynia | chest pain |
| dyspnea | difficult and/or painful breathing |
| eupnea | is god, normal breathing |
| apnea | abnormal periodic cessation of breathing |
| bradypnea | abnormally slow breathing |
| hyperpnea | excessively deep breathing |
| typopnea | extremely shallow breathing |
| orthopnea | difficult breathing unless in an upright position |
| tachypnea | rapid, shallow breathing |
| pnea | breathing |
| orth/o | straight |
| hiccup/hiccough/singulutus | sound produced by the involuntary contraction of the diaphragm, followed by rapid closure of the glottis |
| stridor | high-pitched inspiration sound from the larynx |
| wheezing | whistling sound made during breathing |
| another name for nose bleed | epistaxis |
| coryza | common cold |
| croup | acute viral infection or early childhood, marked by stridor caused by spasms of the larynx, trachea and bronchi |
| epiglottitis | inflammation of the voicebox |
| ABG | arterial blood gas |
| AP | anteroposterior |
| CO2 | carbon dioxide |
| COPD | chronic obstructive pulmonary disease |
| CXR | chest X-Ray |
| O2 | oxygen |
| SOB | shortness of breath |
| TB | tuberculosis |
| OSA | obstructive sleep apnea |
| URI | upper respiratory infection |
| ARF | acute respiratory failure |
| CF | cystic fibrosis |
| A | auscultation & percussion |
| QFT | quantiferon tb gold test |
| PPB | postive pressure breathing |
| PFT | pulmonary function test |
| FEV | forced expiratory volume |
| CT | computed tomography |
| MRI | magnetic resonance imaging |
| CPAP | continous positive ariway passage |
| obstructive sleep apnea OSA | temporary lack of breathing that occurs during sleep |
| polyps of the nasal and vocal cord | small tumor like growth that projects from a mucous membrane surface |
| rhinitis | inflammation of the mucus membrane of the nose |
| rhinosalpinitis | inflammation of the mucus membranes of the nose & eustachian tube |
| sinusitis | inflammation of one or more of the paranasal sinus |
| tracheomalacia | softening of the tissues of the trachea |
| tracheostenosis | narrowing of the windpipe |
| upper respiratory infection URI | inflammation of the upper respiratory tract |
| an acute viral infection of early childhood marked by stridor caused by spasms of the larynx, trachea, bronchi | croup |
| small turmor like growth that projects from a mucous membrane surface | polyps |
| asthma | respiratory disorder characterized by recurring episodes of sudden episodic dyspnea |
| bronchospasm | a sudden involuntary contraction of bronchi, as in an asthma attack |
| bronchietctasis | chronic dilation of the bronchi |
| chronic obstructive pulmonary disease COPD | respiratory disorder characterized by a progressive and irreversible diminishment in spiratory and expiratory capacity of lungs |
| emphysema | abnormal condition of the pulmonary system characterized by distension and destructive changes of the alveoli |
| acute respiratory failure ARF | a sudden inability of the respiratory system to provide oxygen and or remove carbon dioxide from the blood |
| cystic fibrosis CF | inherited disorder of the exocrine glands resulting in abnormal thick secretions of mucus that cause COPD |
| atelectasis | collapse of lung or an entire lung |
| fail chest | a condition in which multiple rib fractures cause instability in part of the chest in which the lung under the injured area contracts on inspiration and bulges out on expiration |
| hemothorax | blood in the pleural space |
| pneumothorax | air or gas in the pleural space causing the lung to collapse |
| pyothorax | pus in the pleural cavity aka empyema |
| empyema | pyothorax |
| pleural effusion | abnormal accumulation of fluid in the intrapleural space |
| pleurisy | inflammation of the parietal pleura of the lungs |
| pneumonia | inflammation of the lungs caused by a variety of pathogens |
| pulmonary abscess | localized accumulation of pus on the lungs |
| pulmonary edema | accumulation of fluid in the lung tissue |
| tuberculosis TB | chronic infectious disorder caused by an acid-fast bacillus |
| double pneumonia | affected in both lungs |
| pus in the pleural cavity | empyema |
| pus in the pleural cavity | pyothorax |
| ascultation | listening |
| an instrument commonly used to listen to sounds within the body, especially the chest | stethoscope |
| bronchoscopy | visual examination of the bronchial tubes |
| laryngoscopy | endoscopic procedure used to visualize the interior of the larynx |
| mediastinoscopy | visual examination of space between lungs |
| thoracoscopy | visual exam of the chest cavity |
| spiromerty | spirometer |
| peak flow meter | instrument used in a pulmonary function test PFT to measure breathing capacity |
| tom/o | slice |
| lung perfusion scan | nuclear medicine test that produces an image of blood flow to the lungs used to detect pulmonary embolism |
| lung ventilation scan | test using radiopharmaceuticals to produce a picture of how air is distributed in the lungs measure the ability of the lungs to take in air |
| arterial blood gases ABG | blod test that measures the amount of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood |
| pulse oximetry | test to measure oxygen in arterial blood in which a noninvasive cliplike device is attached to either the earlobe of the fingertip |
| mantoux skin test | used to detect presence of tuberculosis antibodies |
| endoscopic procedure used to view the interior of the larynx | laryngoscopy |
| used to view the structures contained within the space between the lungs | medianstinscopy |
| ventilator breathing assistance | PPB positive pressure breathing, CPAP continous positive airway pressure |
| delivery devices breathing assistance | nasal canula, facemask/venturi, rebreathing mask |
| adenoidectomy | excision of the pharyngeal tonsils, adenoids |
| laryngectomy | excision of the voice box |
| tonsillectomy | excision of the palatine tonsils |
| lobectomy | removal of entire lobe of lung |
| pneumonectomy | removal of entire lung |
| pulmonary resection | excision of a portion or a lobe of the lung or the entire lung |
| bronchoplasty | surgical repair of a bronchial defect |
| rhinoplasty | surgical repair of the nose for healthcare or cosmetic reasons |
| septoplasty | surgical repair of the wall between the nares |
| endotracheal intubation | passage of a tube through the mouth into the trachea to ensure a patent (open) airway |
| thoracentesis/pleurocentesis | aspiration of fluid from the pleural cavity |
| thoractomy | incision of the chest |
| sinusotomy | incision of a sinus |
| tracheotomy | incision made into the trachea below the larynx to gain access to the airway |
| tracheaostomy | opening through the neck into the trachea through which an indwelling tube may be inserted temporarily or permanently |
| or/o | mouth |
Created by:
jenkilgore
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