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Urinalysis - mini
Test | Significance |
---|---|
Glucose (raised BS) | Diabetes mellitus, glucose infusion |
Bilirubin | Liver cell injury, biliary tract obstruction |
Glucose (no raised BS) | Pregnancy, renal glycosuria |
Ketones | Diabetic ketoacidosis, fasting, ketotic hypoglycaemia (young children) |
High specific gravity | Dehydration, impaired kidney function |
Blood (Haematuria) | Kidney disorder (glomerulonephritis, tumour, infection) |
Low specific gravity | High fluid intake, diabetes insipidus, chronic renal failure |
Low pH | Acidaemia - diabetic ketoacidosis, starvation, low potassium |
Protein | Glomerulonephritis, UTI, fever, heart failure |
High pH | Stale urine, alkalaemia (e.g. vomiting, excess antacids), UTI with ammonia-forming bacteria |
Urobilinogen (increased) | Increased production (sickle cell), or decreased uptake (cirrhosis, viral hep) |
Nitrite | UTI |
Leucocytes | UTI, inflammation |
Blood (Haemoglobinuria) | Severe haemolysis (e.g. sickle cell crisis) |
Urobilinogen (decreased) | Biliary tract obstruction, colon sterilization (e.g. antibiotics) |
Strong smell | UTI |
Brownish colour | Blood or pigment (myoglobinuria) |