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History - Karr
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Who successfully improved the steam engine? | James Watt |
| What was the first factory industry in the U.S.? | Textiles |
| What was the goal of the factory acts? | Reform child labor laws |
| Why were women hired to work in factories in the beginning? | cheap labor |
| Why did Thomas Malthus discourage vaccinations? | believed in natural checks in population (famine & disease) |
| Define Utilitarianism | Greatest happiness for the greatest amount of people |
| Why did Karl Marx despise capitalism? | created wealth for few and poverty for many |
| How did laissez-faire economists believe poverty could be solved? | Unrestricted free market, working class working hard enough |
| How did socialists believe poverty could be solved? | Sharing everything equally, people control the means of production |
| Describe the Concert of Europe | Russia, Britain, Russia and Prussia. Conservatives came together so ensure European peace and keep monarchs in power. |
| Name the goal of nationalists in the 1800s | To unite by their common heritage in a homeland. |
| If you were a conservative in Latin America in the 1800s what was your goal? | restore old order |
| How was Milos Obrenovic able to win Russian support for Serb independence? | Slavic language, and common religion. (similarities with Russia) |
| Why was Louis Philippe called the "citizen king?" | he owed his throne to the people |
| What event ended the second republic in France? | Napoleon II proclaimed himself emperor. |
| Why did so many people support Louis Napoleon? | appealed to both sides. Liberals: cared about social issues. Conservatives: had famous name |
| What was the goal of revolutionaries in the Italian states in 1848? | End Hapsburg domination and set up constitutional government |
| What event occurred during February Days in France? | Louis Phillipe was forced to step down |
| How was Haiti's rebellion different? | slave-led rebellion |
| Who led Haiti's rebellion? | Toussaint L'Ouverture |
| What is Father Miguel Hildalgo's "El Grito de Delores?" | speech that called for Mexicans to fight for independence |
| What event encouraged rebellion in Latin America? | Napoleon invading Spain |
| Why did Japan modernize rapidly after 1868? | New government made modernizing a priority |
| Explain the assembly line | breaks down a complex job by having multiple people do simple tasks down a line |
| Why didn't Russia industrialize as soon as other countries? | lacked political stability |
| What was the Bessemer process? | process of making steel from iron |
| Define corporation | business owned by many investors who buy shares of stock |
| Why did the population in the U.S. and Europe increase between 1800 and 1900? | Improved hygiene, sanitation, hospital care, medicine, and more food |
| What were the long terms of the industrial revolution? | labor union growth, bigger cities, higher standard of living, population growth |
| "A man's home is his castle" reflects what middle class value? | cult of domesticity |
| Applying theory of natural selection to the development of business and society | Social Darwinism |
| What is the temperance movement? | women campaigning against alcohol because it hurt family life |
| Why weren't women effective during the temperance movement? | couldn't vote and weren't allowed in most schools |
| Describe realism during the industrial revolution | Art showed life in factories and real life to people who hadn't seen it before |
| Name realism writers | Charles Dickens and Victor Hugo |
| Why is Mathew B. Brady famous? | Took pictures of the Civil War |
| What is the highest position that Otto von Bismarck held in Germany? | chancellor |
| What was the end result of Otto von Bismarck editing the Ems Dispatch? | war between France and Prussia |
| Why did William II ask Bismarck to resign? | thought he was the only ruler chosen by god |
| Who made up the Italian red short forces? | Nationalists |
| Why did Camillo Cavour provoke a war between Sardinia and Austria? | he wanted to annex it with the help of France |
| What were the obstacles Italy had to face to unify? | people identified with different groups, different nations owned different parts |
| In 1800 what was the oldest ruling house out of all the European monarchs? | Hapsburgs |
| What countries were included in the dual monarchy found in the mid 1800s? | Austria and Hungary |
| What were obstacles Russia had to face to progress in the 1800s? | rigid social structure, tzar didn't want to lose power |
| Explain Tzer Alexander III's program of Russification. | suppressing all non-Russian culture |
| Why did the tzars of Russia not want modernization to take place in their country | were afraid of losing power |
| What were the two British houses called i?n their parliament? | House of Commons, House of Lords |
| Who ruled for the longest in British history and symbolizes the values of the time. | Queen Victoria |
| Explain penal colonies | settlements for convicts in the British territory of Australia |
| Why did the Irish resent being ruled by Great Britain? | -were catholic and paid to Church of England -paid high rent to English landlords -resented landlords who owned large estates but didn't live on them |
| Explain home rule | local self government |
| What did France give to Germany in the peace agreement of 1871? | Alsace and Lorraine and a large sum of money |
| Who was accused of spying and sentenced to life in prison? | Alfred Dreyfus |
| What is the movement devoted to rebuilding a Jewish state in Palestine? | Zionism |
| Why did Catholic and Protestant missionaries wanted to interact with African natives? | had a duty to spread blessings of western civilization and thought Africans were inferior |
| What African group clashed with the Boers in Southern Africa? | Zulus |
| Why did Russia want to seize the Bosporus and Dardanelles Straits? | to gain access to the Mediterranean Sea |
| Explain the causes of the Sepoy Rebellion in India | -were forced to serve overseas -Europeans allowed widows to remarry -made them bite gun cartridges with animal fat on them |
| Name the results of the Sepoy rebellion in India | British ended rule of Dutch East India Company |
| What is the purpose of the Open Door Policy in China? | to protect U.S. trading rights in China |
| Name Sun Yixian's 3 principles of the people | Nationalism, Democracy and Livelihood |
| What helped Japan modernize during the Meiji period? | no more legal social classes |
| What family's rule increased Japanese isolation? | Tokugawas |
| What were the new features of the new Japanese political system created by the Meiji reformers? | absolute rule by emperor, no social classes, industrialization promoted by government |
| What countries made up French Indochina? | Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia |
| Name the results of the treaty that ended the Spanish-American War. | U.S. gave Spain 20 million dollars in return for the control of the Philippines |
| Who were the first European colonists to permanently settle in Australia? | convicts |
| How did the U.S. get control of the land used for the Panama Canal? | backed a revolt by Panama against Colombia and in return, got the land |
| What group controlled Russian politics in 1917 and who was the leader? | Bolsheviks, Lenin |
| What groups composed the white army in Russia during the Russian Civil War? | tzarist officers, mensheviks (anti-communists), and democrats |
| What was the purpose of the apartheid in South Africa? | to ensure white economical, political, and social supremacy |
| What are some techniques Gandhi used to help win Indian independence? | civil disobedience, |
| What event triggered the Indian movement in 1919 and convinced Indians that they needed to govern themselves? | Amritsar massacre |
| How did the Allies anger Chinese Nationalists at the 1919 Paris Peace Conference? | gave Japan control over some Chinese land that Germany had once owned |
| What was the response of the League of Nations when Japan invaded Manchuria in 1931? | condemned it but did nothing |
| When did the U.S> become a world economic power? | 1920s |
| Describe the characteristics of fascism in Europe during the 1920s and 1930s. | state supremacy, rooted in extreme nationalism |
| Why were Italians attracted to Mussolini's fascist government? | Italy was in total chaos after WWI |
| Why did France occupy the Ruhr Valley in Germany in 1923? | Germany owed them for reparations and there was coal there |
| What was stated in the Nuremberg Laws? | Jews could no longer have German citizenship |
| What action did Germany take that broke the Treaty of Versailles? | re-armed themselves |
| Describe the economic situations of the Eastern European nations created out of old European empires after WWI. | lack of democratic background, little capital to start industry, ethnic tensions from new borders |
| What did the Nazi-Soviet Pact accomplish for Germany? | peaceful relations between Hitler and Stalin, gained Poland |
| What actions did Hitler take that violated the Treaty of Versailles? | re-armed themselves, reoccupied Rhineland, stopped paying war reparations |
| What did the British and French do at the Munich Conference in 1938 to avoid war? | appeasement, Czechs surrendered Sudetenland to Hitler |
| What was the first stage of the blitzkrieg? | Luftwaffe bombed airfields, factories, towns and cities in Poland |
| What U.S. action influenced the Japanese decision to attack the U.S. in 1941? | U.S. banned the sale of war materials (iron, steel, & oil)to Japan in French Indochina and the Dutch East Indies. |
| What did Rosie the Riveter symbolize? | women that took over for men. Built ships, planes, and ammunition. |
| What was the importance, of the Battle of Eli Alamein in 1942? | Allies finally halted Axis advance and drove them back |
| What was the Manhattan Project? | research to make the Atomic Bomb |
| Who were kamikazes? | suicide pilots |
| Explain the U.S. strategy of island hopping in the Pacific? | recapture some Japanese held islands eventually to attack Japan. |
| What were Stalin's goals in Eastern Europe after WWII? | spread communism, create a buffer zone of friendly governments as a defense against Germany |
| What was the purpose of the Truman Doctrine? | limit communism in countries under Soviet rule |
| After WWII which plan offered assistance to war-torn European nations? | Marshall Plan |
| What was the Red Scare? | strong periods of anti-communism in the U.S. where people were afraid of communists living here |
| Which alliance was dedicated to the security of communist nations in Europe during the Cold War? | Warsaw Pact |
| During the Korean War, which nation provided hundreds of thousands of troops to help North Korea? | China |
Created by:
cah213
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