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Nat. Review chpt. 18
Biomechanics and kinesiology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Proper body positioning reduces | Possibility of fatigue and muscle strain |
| Proper body positioning promotes | Efficient movement which increases strength, power, and pressure, decreases possibility of injury, enhances quality and effectiveness of massage, promotes energy or chi, increases career life span |
| Wrist problems | Overuse can lead to problems such as carpal tunnel and osteoarthritis |
| Back problems | Poor posture of the spine and excessive leaning over can lead to neck and shoulder problems as well as muscle spasms and problems of the back and spine |
| Arm problems | Overuse of arms can lead to nerve entrapment and fatigue in the arms and shoulders |
| Main source of strength comes from | Lower body not the arms and shoulders |
| Balance on both feet with | Knees bent |
| Keep the back | Straight and head up |
| Use the pelvis and torso to | Provide leverage and strength needed to apply pressure |
| Elbows and hands should stay | Close to the body |
| Shoulders and wrists should stay | Relaxed |
| Used substitutes when | More pressure or relief is needed |
| Keep wrists and hands | In alignment with the movement |
| Avoid | Small, repetitive movements |
| If injury or excessive strain occurs | Rest until it heals |
| Adjust the table height to allow for | Proper posture in relation to client size |
| Proprioception | Special sense in the body that enables us to detect body position and movement |
| Proprioceptors | Specialized nerve receptors found in joints, tendons, and muscles that sense body position |
| Muscle spindles | Proprioceptors mostly found in the bellies of muscles, provide information about the length or change in length of skeletal muscles |
| Golgi tendon organs | Proprioceptors located where muscles join with tendons, prevent tendons from being torn by inhibiting excessive muscle tension on tendons |
| First class levers | Fulcrum is located between force and weight, allow variable mechanical advantage also called teeter-totter levers ex. triceps with elbow as fulcrum |
| Second class levers | Weight is situated between the force and fulcrum, great for generating power, also called "nutcracker" or "wheelbarrow" levers ex. jaw |
| Third class levers | Force is located between the weight and fulcrum, great for generating speed, also called "baseball bat" or "shovel of dirt" levers ex. hips |
| Muscle twitch | Single contraction followed by relaxation |
| Tetanus | Sustained contraction |
| Isometric contraction | Muscle contracts but no change in length |
| Isotonic contraction | Muscle contracts and changes length |
| Concentric contraction | Muscle contracts and shortens |
| Eccentric contraction | Muscle contracts and lengthens |
| Agonist | Prime mover |
| Prime mover | Muscle that is most responsible for movement |
| Synergist | Muscle that helps perform a movement |
| Antagonist | Muscle that works against another muscle and performs the opposite action |
Created by:
skpoem
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