Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Kasey2004 Flashcards
Chapter 7
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| alimentary canal | another name for the digestive system |
| absorption | process by which digested nutrients are sent into the bloodstream by passing through capillaries that are located in the walls of the small intestine |
| upper GI tract | begins at the mouth or oral cavity where the breakdown of food is started |
| oral cavity | includes lips, cheeks, teeth, palate, salivary glands and the tongue |
| palate | another name for the roof of the mouth |
| pharynx | throat |
| esophagus | muscular tube, 9-10 inches in length, that extends from the pharynx to the stomach and allows food to pass down the throat to the stomach |
| peristalsis | involuntary contractions for the passage of food |
| stomach | pouchlike organ located in the left side of the abdomen; temporary storage area for food |
| chyme | semi-fluid mixture of partially digested food and secretions |
| lower GI tract | consists of the small intestine, large intestine, rectum, and anus |
| small intestine | small bowel; longest organ of the GI tract |
| duodenum | shortest segment of the small intestine |
| jejunum | middle segment of the small intestine |
| ileum | most inferior segment of the small intestine |
| large intestine | measures 5-6 feet and has three sections; functions to absorb water, secrete mucus, and eliminate digestive wastes |
| cecum | first part of the large intestine, saclike structure on the right side of the abdomen |
| colon | second section of the large intestine, has four parts; the ascending colon, the transverse colon, the descending colon, and the sigmoid colon |
| rectum | the last part of the large intestine |
| appendix | attached to cecum, has no known digestive function |
| ascending colon | found under the liver |
| transverse colon | found horizontally above the small intestine |
| descending colon | located near the spleen and moves down the left side of the abdomen |
| sigmoid colon | descends down through the pelvic cavity and joins with the rectum |
| anus | external opening of the digestive tract where solid waste is excreted through |
| feces | solid body waste; stool |
| defecation | process by which solid waste products are excreted from the body |
| liver | largest gland of the body; aids the digestive process by producing bile |
| bile | yellow-green secretion containing bile acids and bile salts that emulsify down fat |
| gallbladder | found under the liver, stores bile |
| pancreas | located in the upper left quadrant of the abdomen, responsible for production of insulin |
| insulin | hormone produced by the pancreas, regulates blood sugar |
| col/o | colon, large intestine |
| colon/o | colon, large intestine |
| gastr/o | stomach |
| or/o | mouth |
| stomat/o | mouth |
| esophag/o | esophagus |
| duoden/o | duodenum |
| ile/o | ileum |
| an/o | anus |
| bil/i | bile |
| chol/e | bile |
| hepat/o | liver |
| jejun/o | jejunum |
| pancreat/o | pancreas |
| proct/o | rectum |
| rect/o | rectum |
| lip/o | fat |
| sigmoid/o | sigmoid colon |
| enter/o | small intestine |
| cyt/o | cell |
| gluc/o | sugar |
| glyc/o | sugar |
| peritone/o | peritoneum |
| pharyng/o | pharynx |
| lith/o | stone |
| lapar/o | abdominal wall |
| cholecyst/o | gallbladder |
| dys | painful, abnormal |
| en | within |
| intra | within |
| hyper | excessive, above |
| hypo | below, deficient |
| mal | bad |
| sub | below |
| trans | across, through |
| epi | above, upon |
| peri | surrounding |
| dia | thorough, complete |
| lithiasis | presence of stones |
| logist | one who specializes |
| lysis | destruction |
| ia | condition |
| eal | pertaining to |
| al | pertaining to |
| osis | condition |
| iasis | abnormal |
| itis | inflammation |
| ectomy | removal of |
| stomy | creating a new opening |
| plasty | surgical repair |
| scope | instrument for viewing |
| scopy | process of viewing |
| pepsia | digestion |
| emesis | vomiting |
| graphy | process of recording, a picture |
| gastroenterologist | physician who specializes in the treatment of diseases of the digestive tract |
| internist | diagnose and treat the disease of the internal organs |
| proctologist | specialist treating and diagnosing illness of the colon, rectum, and anus |
| dysphagia | difficulty in swallowing |
| GERD (gastroesophageal reflux disease) | stomach contents flow upward into the esophagus (burning feeling in throat, mouth) |
| gastritis | inflammation of the stomach |
| gastroenteritis | inflammation of the stomach and small intestine |
| peptic ulcer | lesion of the mucous membranes of the digestive system caused by bacteria H pylori |
| gastric ulcer | peptic ulcer occurring in the stomach |
| duodenal ulcer | peptic ulcer found in the upper part of the small intestine, duodenum |
| cirrhosis | degenerative disease of the liver causes injury to the liver cells |
| colorectal cancer | malignant neoplasm in the large intestine |
| Crohn's disease | chronic inflammation of the digestive tract |
| choleithiasis | hard deposit in the gallbladder, gallstones |
| polyps | small growths found in the membranes lining the colon |
| diverticulosis | herniation of the diverticula or sacs of the wall of the intestine, sigmoid colon |
| diverticulitis | inflammation of the diverticula |
| dyspepsia | indigestion |
| emesis | vomiting |
| colitis | inflammation of the colon |
| ileitis | inflammation of the ileum |
| irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) | abdominal pain, gas, bloating, constipation, or diarrhea caused by irregular motility of the intestines |
| hepatitis | inflammation of the liver, viral hepatitis is the most common type |
| hepatitis virus A | infectious hepatitis transmitted by contaminated food or water and poor hygiene |
| hepatitis virus B | transmitted by blood and bodily fluids from person to person |
| hepatitis virus C | transmitted by blood through intravenous, needles, transfusions |
| cholecystitis | inflammation of the gallbladder |
| hernia | protrusion of organ or part through a wall of the cavity where it is located |
| intestinal obstruction | complete or partial blockage of the flow of the contents of the intestines |
| intussusception | slipping of one part of the intestine into the opening of the adjacent intestinal part |
| pancreatitis | inflammation of the pancreas |
| anorexia | lack or loss of appetite, causing the inability to eat |
| abdominal ultrasound | noninvasive procedure to visualize the internal organs using high frequency sound waves |
| barium enema | x-rays of the lower GI tract after barium sulfate is inserted into the rectum |
| upper GI series | barium swallow, barium sulfate swallowed by mouth flowing into the esophagus and stomach while x-rays are taken |
| cholecystectomy | surgical removal of the gallbladder |
| ostomy | surgical creation of an artifiical opening or stoma between an organ and body surface |
| colostomy | surgical artificial opening for the colon through the abdominal wall to its outside surface for expelling feces |
| herniorrhaphy | surgical repair of a hernia |
| endoscope | instrument used to visualize internal organs |
| colonoscopy | endoscopic visualization of the colon from rectum to cecum |
| gastroscopy | endoscopic visualization of the stomach or esophagus |
| sigmoidoscopy | endoscopic visualization of the rectum, sigmoid colon, some of the descending colon |
| MRI | noninvasive scanning procedure showing visualization of fluid, soft tissue and bony structures without using radiation |
| CT SCAN | noninvasive x-ray procedure using computer images that show detailed visualization of the tissue structure |
Created by:
Kasey2004
Popular Medical sets