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History Mid-Term
Terminology: Dawn of man-Fall of Rome
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Hominid | A human or human-like creature that walks upright |
| Mary Leakey | Discovered early man foot prints |
| Fertile Crescent | Area around the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers in moder day Iraq |
| Menes | King of upper Egypt who united all of Egypt and created the first dynasty |
| Citadel | Small foritfication in center of city |
| Osiris | God of death, judged the dead's souls |
| Hatshepsut | First female ruler of Egypt |
| Monsoons | Seasonal winds |
| Knossos | Capital of Minoa |
| Murex | Shellfish found along the coast which Phoenicians used to produce purple dye |
| Nineveh | Capital of Assyria |
| Chaldeans | Empire under the leader Nebuchadnezzer, restored Babylon |
| Nebuchadnezzer | Leader of Chaldeans, built the Hanging Gardens on the Euphrates River, enslaved the Jews |
| Cyrus | Leader of Persia, allowed Jews to return to their country, merciful |
| Darius | Grandson of Cyrus, expanded his empire from South Europe to the Indus River area. Put down many revolts with the help of the 10,000 Immortals |
| Satrap | Governer of a satrapie in the Persian empire |
| Torah | Jewish holy book |
| Covenant | Promise between God and man |
| Abraham | Father of Judiasm |
| Homer | Poet, wrote the Odyssey |
| Polis | Greek word for city-state |
| Acropolis | 'High City', location of important buildings |
| PHanlanx | Military formation of foot soldiers with pikes, broke enemy's front lines |
| Hellenistic Culture | Blend of Egyptian, Greek, Persian, and Indian cultures |
| Themistocles | General who convinced Athenians to flee from their city and meet Persia in a naval battle. LAter ostracized from Athens. |
| Direct Democracy | Citizens rule directly, not through representation |
| Herodotus | Father of history |
| Philip of Macedonia | Cnoquered Greece after Pelopponesian War, murdered by a jilted lover, father of Alexander. |
| Cleisthenes | Father of democracy |
| Republic | Representative rule |
| Hannibal | General, led Carthage during 2nd Punic War |
| Scipio | General who defeated Hannibal during 2nd Punic War |
| Augustus | Originally name Octavian, the adopted son of Julius Caesar. Defeated Antony in Actium and became emporer of Rome(the first). Introduces civil service. Assumes office of Pontifex Maximus, divides Rome into provinces. Establishes modern law. |
| Pax Romana | Rome's golden age under Augustus. Trade flourished, there was peace. |
| Constantine | Emporer of Rome who made Christianity Rome's state religion. Ordered the cross to be inscribed on his soldiers shields. |
| Diocletian | Splits Rome into 4 and appoints 3 co-emperors to rule them. |
| Byzantine Empire | Remaining part of Roman Empire after Rome is sacked, based in Middle East. |
| Patricians | Wealthy roman class |
| Plebeians | Poor roman class |
| Cleopetra | Last ruler of Egypt, had affairs with both Julius Caesar and Marc Antony. Commited suicide after losing Battle of Actium in Alexandria with an asp. |
| Marc Antony | General of Rome, has an affair with Cleopetra, fights Octavian in Battle of Actium but is beaten and commits suicide. |
| Triumverate | An alliance of three ruled Rome to prevent Civil War |
Created by:
kayleighlc
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