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Nat. Review chpt. 5

Skeletal system

QuestionAnswer
Osseous tissue Bone tissue
Osteocytes Bone cells
Osteoclasts Break down bone tissue
Osteoblasts Build or repair bone tissue
Long bones Longer then they are wide
Short bones Square or cube shaped bones
Flat bones Broad surfaces for muscle attatchment
Irregular bones Varied shapes
Diaphysis Shaft of a long bone
Epiphyses Ends of a long bone
Epiphyseal plate Growth plate
Articular cartilage Cartilage that lines bones where they connect to other bones
Medullary cavity Cavity in the diaphysis of long bones
Periosteum A layer of tissue that covers long bones
Sharpey's fibers Fibers that connect the periosteum to the surface of the bone
Compact bone Dense outer layer of bone and shafts of long bones
Spongy bone Porous bone tissue found in the epiphyses of long bones and interior of other bones
Bone marrow Soft material made up of connective tissue found in the cavities of bones
Red marrow Found mostly in spongy bone and produces blood cells
Yellow marrow Fatty tissue found in the medullary cavity
Functions of bones Framework for the body, protect delicate organs, serve as levers for muscles to act upon, storehouse for minerals, produce red and white blood cells and platelets
Processes Bumps on the surfaces of bones
Tubercle Small rounded bump for muscle attatchment
Tuberosity Large roughened bump
Spine Sharp pointed bump
Condyle Rounded bump for bone articulation
Epicondyle Bump above a condyle
Crest Ridge
Line Long bump
Depressions and openings Hollow or depressed areas (orifice or open space)
Foramen Rounded hole through a bone
Fossa Shallow depression in a bone
Groove Long depression/furrow in a bone
Sinus Cavity in a bone
Meatus Canal in a bone
Fissure Long narrow depression
Suture Where two skull bones have fused
Osteon Repeating patern that makes up bone
Havirsion system Osteon
Osification Cartlidge turns to bone through calcification
Epiphyseal fracture Seperation of the epiphyseal disk from diaphysis or epiphysis
Shin splints Damage to one of two groups of muscles along the shin bone that cause pain
Created by: skpoem
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