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Nat. Review chpt. 5
Skeletal system
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Osseous tissue | Bone tissue |
| Osteocytes | Bone cells |
| Osteoclasts | Break down bone tissue |
| Osteoblasts | Build or repair bone tissue |
| Long bones | Longer then they are wide |
| Short bones | Square or cube shaped bones |
| Flat bones | Broad surfaces for muscle attatchment |
| Irregular bones | Varied shapes |
| Diaphysis | Shaft of a long bone |
| Epiphyses | Ends of a long bone |
| Epiphyseal plate | Growth plate |
| Articular cartilage | Cartilage that lines bones where they connect to other bones |
| Medullary cavity | Cavity in the diaphysis of long bones |
| Periosteum | A layer of tissue that covers long bones |
| Sharpey's fibers | Fibers that connect the periosteum to the surface of the bone |
| Compact bone | Dense outer layer of bone and shafts of long bones |
| Spongy bone | Porous bone tissue found in the epiphyses of long bones and interior of other bones |
| Bone marrow | Soft material made up of connective tissue found in the cavities of bones |
| Red marrow | Found mostly in spongy bone and produces blood cells |
| Yellow marrow | Fatty tissue found in the medullary cavity |
| Functions of bones | Framework for the body, protect delicate organs, serve as levers for muscles to act upon, storehouse for minerals, produce red and white blood cells and platelets |
| Processes | Bumps on the surfaces of bones |
| Tubercle | Small rounded bump for muscle attatchment |
| Tuberosity | Large roughened bump |
| Spine | Sharp pointed bump |
| Condyle | Rounded bump for bone articulation |
| Epicondyle | Bump above a condyle |
| Crest | Ridge |
| Line | Long bump |
| Depressions and openings | Hollow or depressed areas (orifice or open space) |
| Foramen | Rounded hole through a bone |
| Fossa | Shallow depression in a bone |
| Groove | Long depression/furrow in a bone |
| Sinus | Cavity in a bone |
| Meatus | Canal in a bone |
| Fissure | Long narrow depression |
| Suture | Where two skull bones have fused |
| Osteon | Repeating patern that makes up bone |
| Havirsion system | Osteon |
| Osification | Cartlidge turns to bone through calcification |
| Epiphyseal fracture | Seperation of the epiphyseal disk from diaphysis or epiphysis |
| Shin splints | Damage to one of two groups of muscles along the shin bone that cause pain |
Created by:
skpoem
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