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Chapter 16 History
Holt World History
| Word | Answer |
|---|---|
| Scientific Method | The method where people draw conclusions based on what they observed. |
| Heliocentric Theory | The theory that everything revolves around the sun. |
| Geocentric Theory | The theory that everything revolves around the Earth. |
| Nicolaus Coppernicus | A polish scientist that belived that everything revolved around the sun. |
| Galileo Galilei | An italian Scientist that hepled confirm Copernicus's theory. He also invented the telescope. |
| Isaac Newton | An English scientist that published a book that explained the universal force of gravity and the universal laws of motion. |
| Andres Vesalius | A flemish scientist that published a seven volumebook called ,"On the Fabric of the Human Body" that had very detailed drawings of the body and explained all about the body. |
| Rene Descartes | A french philosopher and Mathematition that had ideas thatled to advances in mathematics, science, and philosophy which made him the leader of the Scientific Revolution. |
| Joint Stock Company | An organization where many merchants join together to create companies. They then sell stock to investors who then become co-owners. After the copanies earn money they distribute it to all of the co-owners as well as themselfs. |
| Treaty of Tordesillas | A treaty between Spain and portugal that moved the invisible line across the ocean farther west. In result, both countries conquered many lands. |
| Vasco Da Gama | Used knowledge of Bartolomue Dias to acually use a shortcut to sail around the cape of good hope to get to the Indies. |
| Prince Henery the Navigator | Gathered up all of Portugals best navigaters and sent them out to find gold and spices |
| Amerigo Vespucci | An italian Navigator that did not believe that the New World was part of Asia. Later America was named after him. |
| Vasco Nunez de Balboa | A Spanish explorar that claimed a vast ocean as the South Sea. Which explained that the New World was not part of Asia. |
| Ferdinand Magellan | A portuguese explorar that proved Balboa right when he took the sam path he did. Magellan named the ocean the Pacific ocean. |
| Viceroy | Officials that represented the monarchy in the colonies. |
| Charles V | Ruled over the Spanish empire. Soon relized that the empire was to much for one man to rule so he split different regions to give to different members of his family to rule. |
| Phillip II | Charles V's son. He recieved Spain to rule. His branch of family became the Spanish Habsburgs. |
| Willliam of Orange | Led a revolt against Philip. Used guerilla warfare to defeat Philp's armies and got the dutch's independince. |
| Hernan Cortez | A spanish explorar that brought over 600 men to defeat the Aztec Civilization. He seized the Aztec Ruler Moctezuma II. He also destroyed the Aztec cities. |
| Francisco Pizarro | Invaded the inca empire. |
| When Did the Portugues begin their oceanic explorations? What voyages took them across an ocean other than the Atlantic? | In 1418 the portuguese oceanic explorations began. Vasco da Gama, Magellan, and Columbus went across different oceans. |
| How did Vasco Da Gama help the portuguese economy? | He exchanged goods and introduced new spices and riches to the portuguese culture. |
| Teriff | A tax on people crossing a bridge. |
| Johannes Kepler | A german astromoner that was a brilliant mathematician. He proved that Copernicus's theory was correct. |
| Francis Bacon | An english philosopher and scientist that believed that scientific theories could only be developed through a scientific observation. |
| Robert Boyle | An English-Irish scientist that helped invent the element oxygen and proved that fire was not an element. |
| Commercial Revolution | Changes in buisness for the good. Buisness changed to meet the needs of exploration. |
| Favorible Balance Of Trade | Selling more goods than they buy from foreign countries which earns them lots of money |
| Subsidies | Grants of money given to people by the government to help people start buisnesses. |
| Columbian Exchange | A massive exchange that took place between the new world and the Old world, where slaves and spices were traded. |
| Triangular Trade | The slave trade in the Atlantic where mearchants traded cotton, weapons, and liquor to Africa in exchange for slaves or gold. |
| Middle Passages | The shipment of slaves across the Atlantic Ocean to the Americas. There slaves were sold for goods that were produced on the plantations. |
| Ponce de Leon | A Spanish Explorar that sailed to Florida from teh caribbean. |
| Mercantilisim | Stated that a countries government should do all it could to increase the countries wealth, which is measured by the amount of gold and silver the country possessed. |
Created by:
Kako
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