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Ap Human Geo Ch.12
AP Human Geography vocab chapter 12
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Basic Industries | Industries that sell their products or services primarily to consumers outside the settlement |
| Business Services | Services that primarily meet the needs of other businesses, including professional, financial, and transportation services |
| Central Business District (CBD) | The area of a city where retail and office activities are clustered |
| Central Place | a market center for the exchange of services by people attracted from the surrounding area |
| Central Place Theory | a theory that explains the distribution of services; larger settlements are few and farther apart than smaller settlements and provide services for a larger number of people who are willing to travel farther |
| City State | a sovereign state compromising a city and its immediate hinterland |
| Clustered Rural Settlement | a rural settlement in which the houses and farm building of each family are situated close to each other and fields surround the settlement |
| Dispersed Rural Settlement | a rural settlement pattern characterized by isolated farms rather than clustered villages |
| Economic Base | a community’s collection of basic industries |
| Enclosure Movement | the process of consolidating small landholdings into a smaller number of larger farms in England during the eighteenth century. |
| Market Area (or hinterland) | the area surrounding a central place, from which people are attracted to use the place’s goods and services |
| Nonbasic Industries | industries that sell their products primarily to consumers in the community |
| Primate City | the largest settlement in a country, if it has more than twice as many peopleas the second ranking settlement |
| Primate City Rule | a pattern of settlements in a country, such athat the largest settlement has more than twice as many people the second ranking settlement |
| Public Services | services offered by the government to provide security and protection for citizens and businesses |
| Range (of a service) | the maximum distance people are willing to travel to use a service |
| Rank Size Rule | a pattern of settlements in a country, such that the nth largest settlement is 1/n the population of the largest settlement |
| Service | any activity that fulfills a human want or need and returns money to those who provide it |
| Settlement | a permanent collection of buildings and inhabitants |
| Threshold | the minimum number of people needed to support the service |
| Gravity Model | a model that holds that the potential use of a service at a particular location si directly related to the number of people in a location and inversely related to the distance people mus travel to reach the service |
| Consumer Services | businesses that provide services primarily to individual consumers, including retails services and education, health, and leisure services. |
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