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Unit Three Review
Lisa Grandinetti Pd. 3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Colonization | A physical process where the colonizer takes over another place, putting its own government in charge and either moving its own people into the place or bringing in outsiders to gain control of the people and the land. |
| Commonwealth | A self-governing territory associated with another country like the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and the Commonwealth of England. |
| Deists | Influenced by the spirit of rationalism, Desists believed that God, like a celestial clockmaker, had created a perfect universe and then had stepped back to let it operate according to natural laws. |
| Divine Right of Kings | A political and religious doctrine that states that a monarch is subject to no earthly authority, deriving his right to rule directly from the will of God. Therefore, the monarch is not subject to the will of the people. |
| Mercantilism | An economic system established in Europe during the 18th Century to increase a nation's wealth by government regulation of all of the nation's commercial interests. |
| Age of Reason | A movement in the 18th century that advocated the use of reason in the reappraisal of accepted ideas and social institutions. |
| Akbar the Great | The chief builder of the Mughal empire who was very tolerant of other religions. |
| Batavia, Indonesia | A fort established in 1619 as headquarters of Dutch East India Company operations in Indonesia. Today, it is the city of Jakarta. |
| John Calvin | 1509-1564. French theologian. Developed the Christian theology known as Calvinism - believed in predestination and a strict sense of morality. Attracted Protestant followers with his teachings. |
| Columbian Exchange | The exchange of plants, animals, diseases, and technologies between the Americas and the rest of the world following Columbus's voyages. |
| Counter Reformation | The reaction of the Roman Catholic Church to the Reformation reaffirming the veneration of saints and the authority of the Pope to which Protestants objected. |
| Dutch East India Company | Government-chartered joint-stock company that controlled the spice trade in the East Indies. |
| Eastern Orthodox | The Christian religion of the Byzantine Empire in the middle east that formed from Christianity's schism between the remains of the western and eastern Roman Empire. |
| Edict of Nantes | A decree promulgated at Nantes by King Henry IV in 1598 to restore internal peace in France, which had been torn by the Wars of Religion. It defined the rights of the French Protestants who were called Huguenauts. |
| Edict of Fountainbleu | The edict that revoked the Edict of Nantes. TheHuguenots lost right to practice Calvinism and fled. |
| Elizabeth I of England | She supported the northern protestant cause as a safeguard against Spain attacking England. She had her rival, Mary, Queen of Scots, beheaded. |
| Encomienda System | A system in Spanish America that gave settlers the right to tax local Indians or to demand their labor in exchange for protecting them and teaching them skills. |
| English Bill of Rights | King William and Queen Mary accepted this document in 1689. It guaranteed certain rights to English citizens and declared that elections for Parliament would happen frequently making it a limited monarchy. |
| European Exploration | Reasons: economic growth, spread Christianity, expand territory, establish new trade routes, glory for country and individuals. |
| Floating Empires | The Portuguese and the Spanish set out to sea to eliminate Muslim middlemen and find more efficient trade routes. They soon controlled many major shipping routes nicknamed as "floating empires." |
| Goa, India | An island off the coast of India that was the base of Portuguese trade. |
| Printing Press | Invented by Johann Gutenberg in 1454. First book was Gutenberg Bible. Changed private and public lives of Europeans. Used for war declarations, battle accounts, treaties, propaganda, laid basis for formation of political parties, and enhanced literacy. |
| Hacienda System | Similar to the feudal system, Natives got money and had to buy their products from their owners. |
| Holy Roman Empire | Loose federation of mostly German states and principalities, headed by an emperor elected by the princes, lasted from 962 to 1806. |
| Renaissance | The great period of rebirth in art, literature, and learning in the 14th-16th centuries, which marked the transition into the modern periods of European history. |
| Protestant Reformation | A religious movement of the 16th century that began as an attempt to reform the Roman Catholic Church and resulted in the creation of Protestant churches. |
| Thirty Years War | A series of European wars that lasted from1618 to 1648 that were partially a Catholic-Protestant religious conflict. It was primarily a battle between France and their rivals, the Hapsburg's, rulers of the Holy Roman Empire. |
| Tokugawa Bakufu System | A feudal regime of Japan established by Tokugawa Ieyasu and ruled by the shoguns of the Tokugawa family. The Tokugawa shogunate ruled Edo Castle from 1603 until 1868, known as the Edo period, when it was abolished during the Meiji Restoration. |
| Treaty of Westphalia | Ended Thirty Years War in 1648. It granted the right to individual rulers within the Holy Roman Empire to choose their own religion-either Protestant or Catholic. |
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lisagrand
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