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Nonblood Specimens
Nonblood Specimens and Test
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| amniotic fluid | fluid from with in the sac that surrounds a fetus |
| antibiotic susceptibility | test performed to determine which antibiotics are effective against a particular microorganism |
| body fluids | liquid substances found in the body |
| catheterized | describes a urine specimen collected from a sterile catheter inserted through the urethra into the urinary bladder |
| CSF | clear, colorless liquid circulating within the cavities surrounding the brain and spinal cord |
| clean-catch | method of obtaining a urine sample free of contaminates from the external genital area |
| C & S | process used to grow and identify microorganisms and also identify effective antibiotics to use against them |
| midstream collection | specimen obtained in the middle of urination rather than the beginning or end |
| NP | originating fromt he nasopharynx as in a sample collected using a special flexible swab inserted gently through the nose into the nasopharynx |
| occult blood | hidden blood such as detected in stool specimens using the guaiac test |
| O & P | intestinal parasites and their eggs (ova) |
| semen analysis | laboratory test to assess fertility and determine effectiveness of sterilization after vasectomy |
| suprapubic | collection of a urine specimen by inserting a needle into the urinary bladder |
| sweat chloride | test used to diagnose cystic fibrosis primarily in children and adolescents younger than 20 years of age |
| UA | laboratory test that includes a physical, chemical, and microscopic analysis of a urine specimen |
| UTI | urinary tract infection |
| what special information is required when labeling a nonblood specimen? | type and source of specimen |
| which type of specimen must be handled and analyzed STAT? | cerebrospinal fluid |
| the most frequently analyzed nonblood specimen is? | urine |
| what can happen to urine components if not processed in a timely fashion? | bilirubin breaks down, cellular elements decompose, and bacteria multiply |
| which specimen is PERFERRED for most urine test? | first morning |
| routine urinalysis specimens that cannot be analyzed within 2 hours require? | refrigeration |
| a routine urinalysis typically includes | chemical analysis, microscopic analysis, and physical analysis |
| the most likely reason a culture and sensitivity is ordered is to? | diagnose urinary tract infection |
| urine cytology studies look for the presence of? | abnormal cells, crystals, and microorganisms |
| urine drug screening can be performed | detect illigal drug use (prescription drug abuse is a blood test) |
| suspected pregnancy can be confirmed by testing for the presence of this hormone in urine | human chorionic gonadotropin |
| which specimen is TYPICALLY used for routine urinalysis? | random |
| which urine specimen is the most concentrated? | first morning |
| this test sometimes requires serial urine specimens collected at specific times | glucose tolerance test |
| what is the recommended procedure for collecting 24 hours urine specimen | void the first morning specimen into the toilet; start the timing; collect all the following specimens including the next morning's specimen |
| urine creatinine clearance specimen require what? | refrigeration is perferred, a 24 hour specimen is required, and a blood creatinine is also required |
| this type of specimen is sometimes used to compare urine concentrations of glucose and ketones to blood concentrations. | fractional (double void) |
| which urine test requires a midstream clean-catch specimen? | culture and sensitivity |
| explain how proper midstream urine is collected | void initial urine into the toilet; interrupt the urine flow momentarily; restart urine flow and collect a suffincient amount of urine into a container; void excess urine flow into the toilet |
| midstream clean-catch urine specimens require? | cleaning of the genital area before spcimen collection, collection in a sterile container, and prompt processing |
| which urine specimen is obtained by inserting a sterile needle directly into the urinary bladder and aspirating a sample of urine? | suprapubic |
| which test is sometimes performed on amniotic fluid? | alph-fetoprotein |
| amniotic fluid comes from the | sac surrounding a fetus in the uterus |
| spinal fluid analysis is used in the diagnosis of | meningitis |
| test commonly performed on spinal fluid include? | cell counts, glucose, and protein |
| this test requires intervenous administration of histamine or pentagastrin | gastric analysis |
| a nasopharyngeal culture swab is sometimes collected to detect the presence of organisms that cause? | whooping cough |
| saliva can be tested to | detect alcohol abuse, detect recent drug use, and monitor hormone levels |
| one reason semen analysis is performed is to? | assess fertility |
| how are semen samples acceptable? | delivered in a sterile container, kept at 37 degree C, and obtained on site (never collected in a condom) |
| what fluids are obtained through lumbar puncture? | spinal |
| serous fluid includes? | pericardial fluid, peritoneal fluid, and pleural fluid |
| peritoneal fluid commes from the | abdominal cavity |
| fluid from joint cavities is called | synovial fluid |
| pleural fluid is aspirated from the | lungs |
| accumulation of excess fluid in the peritoneal cavity is called | ascites |
| what is sputum | phlegm |
| sputum is collected in the diagnosis and monitoring of? | tuberculosis |
| what test is used to diagnose cystic fibrosis? | sweat chloride |
| synovial fluid is typically collected in an | EDTA or heparin tube |
| synovial fluid can be tested to identify | arthritis, gout, and inflammation |
| a process called iontophoresis is used to collect? | sweat |
| bone marrow is typically aspirated from the | iliac crest |
| bone marrow is studied to identify | blood disorders |
| a breath specimen can be used to detect | helicobacter pylori |
| what test may require a 24 hour stool specimen | urobilinogen (colourless product of bilirubin reduction. It is formed in the intestines by bacterial action) |
| what refrigerated stool specimen would be acceptable? | occult blood |
| the guaiac test detects | occult blood |
| which type of sample can be tested to detect chronic drug abuse? | hair |
| what type of specimen is required for a "rapid strep" test | throat sample |
| what type of specimen is required for a biopsy? | tissue |
Created by:
jkc
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