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Phlebotomy study

Tube Additives

QuestionAnswer
All tubes contain at least one additive..Not Red Glass Tube. Additives Include: Anticoagulants, Clot Activators, thixotropic gel to separate components, Preservatives and Inhibitors of various cellular reactions to maintain the integrity of the specimen.
Additives Must be inverted and mixed immediately after removal.
Anticoagulants Prevent clotting (coagulation) sodium or potassium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) binds calcium, which will inhibit coagulation of th eblood.
Binding Calcium, other additives. Sodium Citrate, Potassium Oxalate, Sodium Ployanethol sulfonate (SPS)
Heparin inhibits clotting By preventin the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin.
The phlebotomist must make sure to fill the tube correctly So that there is the correct ratio of blood to anticoagulant
Choice of Anticoagulant Determines by the test done.
EDTA Preserves blood cell integrity, prevents platelet clumping, but interferes with coagulation studies.
Socium citrate: Used for coagulation studies.
SPS Used for blood cultures because it inhibits certain immune system components that could destroy blood-borne bacteria
Will also neutralize any antibiotic the patient may be taking SPS
Heparin Preffered for plasma chemistry and blood gas determinations
Pottasium Oxalate Used for glucose determination may be combined with sodium fluoride. Inhibits glycolysis.
Clot activators promote coagulation (clotting) Thrombin increases clotting and is used for STAT serum chemistry or if the patient is on anticoagulants
Glass or silica promotes clotting by Providing more surface area for platelet activation.
Clot activators maybe adhered to the side of the tube.
Invert the tube AT LEAST 5 TIMES...To make sure it becomes in contact with activator.
Thixotropic gel: Synthetic Substance with a density in between that of cells and blood serum or plasma.
As a result, when patient's blood is drawn and centrifuged: Thixotropic gel turns to liquid and moves between the lower cell layer and the upper serum or plasma layer. Gel hardens, and forms a barrier allowing easy separation.
Created by: drehmon2237
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