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Phlebotomy study
Blood Tests
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 3 Types of Blood Specimens used for analysis | Whole Blood, Serum, Plasma |
| Whole Blood | Collected and mixed with an anticoagulant so that it wil not clot |
| Used for most hematology tests including | Blood typing, cell counts, determination of hormones and metals. |
| Serum | Fluid portion of blood that remains after clotting, an anticoagulant is not needed when collecting serum. |
| Begins about 30-60 minutes after blood has been drawn, after which the serum can be separated from the sample by the centrifuge (device that separates components of blood based on density by spinning the sample at a very high speed. | Clotting. (Serum) |
| Used in many lab tests, mostly blood chemistry and immunology | Serum |
| Does not contain Fibrinogen and other clotting factors | Unlike plasma (Serum) |
| Plasma | (Fluid portion) of the blood that includes fibrinogen and other clotting factors. |
| Obtained from the whole blood by first adding an anticoagulant and then centrifuging. | Plasma |
| Plasma is collected for | Coagulation Studies; it is also used for STAT chemistry studies when there is no time to wait for clotting to occur before centrifuging (takes 30-60 mins.) |
| Common Blood tests | (CBC)Most Common Hematology tests. performed on whole blood. |
| Fully analyzed the patients blood | CBC drawn measures all blood components. Lavendar Tube. |
| White Blood Count (WBC) | Number of WBC's (leugocytes) in a sample of known volume, which identifies infections and other conditions. |
| Diffrential (diff) | Classifies and counts the differnet types of WBC's, as well as abnormalities in RBC's or platelets. |
| Platlet count | Number of platelets in a known volume. |
| Mean platelet volume (MPV) | Asses platelet volume and size. |
| RBC | Number of RBC's (erthrocytes) in a known volume. |
| Hematocrit (HCT) | Percentage of total blood volume in proportion to RBC's. |
| Hemoglobin (HGb) | Measures the level of hemoglobin in the blood, which determines the oxygen carrying ability. |
| Red Cell Indices (Mean Corpuscular Hgb (MCH) | Determines the avg amount of hemoglobin in the avg RBC. |
| Red Cell Indices (Mean Corpuscular Hgb Concentraion (MCHC); | Determines the ratio of hemoglovin in a cell as compared to the size of the cell. |
| Red CEll Indices (Mean corpuscular volume (MCV) | Determines the volume of the avg RBC and assesses morphologic (shape-related) abnormalities. |
| Red Cell Indices (Red cell distribution width (RDW) | Determines the range of sizes of RBC's |
| Coagulation Testing | Coagulation testing is performed on plasma. These studies are collected in tubes containing an anticoagulant citrate, whic preserves the coagulation factors. |
| Monitor anticoagulant therapy, are performed on patients with a history of strokes, heart attacks or thrombophlebitis (blood clots) | Coagulation tests |
| to prevent clotting and aid in avoiding recurrence of the above listed conditions are given prior to the test and the patient's clotting (coagulation) time must be carefully monitored. | Drugs |
| Clottin disorders such as | Hemophilia (patient's blood does NOT clot) must also be monitored |
| common Coagulation tests include | Activated clotting time. Activated partial thromboplastin time. Bleeding time. Factor activity assays Fibronogen and fibrin degradation tests International normalized ration Prothrombin time Thrombin clotting time. |
| The Phlebotomists Knows | Physicians typically order the following labs in order to assess the general health of the patient: Chem 7, ALP, AST, LDH, Cholesterol, triglycerides, uric acid, total pretein/albumin, bilirubin, clacium. |
Created by:
drehmon2237
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