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Block II drugs- UND

QuestionAnswer
Ibuprofen class NSAID
Ibuprofen action competitively inhibits COX1&2 and is slightly more selective for COX-1. These enzymes catalyze the reaction of arachidonic acid to prostaglandin
Methotrexate class antineoplastic
Methotrexate action antimetabolite, Methotrexate competitively and reversibly inhibits dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR); Folic acid is required for DNA synthesis.
Prednisone class corticosteroid
Prednisone action suppress inflammation and the normal immune response, induce apoptosis of lymphocytes
Nitroglycerin class Nitrate Vasodilator
Nitroglycerin action Relaxation of vascular smooth muscle causes peripheral pooling
Imitrex class Vascular headache suppressant
Imitrex action Selective agonist at specific vascular serotonin receptors causing vasoconstriction in large intracranial arteries
Prostoglandin E1 class ductus arteriosus patency adjuncts
Prostoglandin E1 action Directly relaxes smooth muscle of the ductus arteriosus; Temporary maintenance of patent ductus arteriosus
Dobutamine class β1-Adrenergic agonist
Dobutamine action Selective β1-Adrenergic agonist (leads to increased myocardial contractility and increased stroke volume with modest increase of heart rate)
Atenelol class antiadrenergics, B-blocker
Atenelol action selective B1-receptor antagonist, thus heart rate and contractility are decreased
Oxycodon class analgesic, narcotic
Oxycodon action opioid receptor agonist; to hyperpolarization and decreased activity of neural cells
Aspirin class NSAID
Aspirin action irreversibly inhibits cyclooxygenase (COX 1 & 2); decrease prostaglandin synthesis
Simvastatin class antihyperlipidemic
Simvastatin action inhibit HMG-CoA reductase; increase LDL receptors
Acetaminophen class non-narcotic analgesic, antipyretic
Acetaminophen action Act on hypothalmic heat regulating center for antipyresis, elevates pain threshold
Norepinephrine class Vasoconstrictor
Norepinephrine Action a1- adrenergic receptor agonist, leads to Ca2+ release from ER causing vascular smooth muscle contraction
Norepinephrine uses Life threatening hypotension not caused by hypovolemia. Nasal decongestant
Clonidine class Sympatholytic
Clonidine action a2 adrenergic agonist; inhibits vasomotor center in medulla oblongata reducing sympathetic activity
Clonidine uses Tx of HTN
Prazosin class Alpha-blocker
Prazosin action a1 adrenergic antagonist; reduces NE/E binding to a1 receptors in vasculature causing vasodilation
Prazosin uses Tx. HTN
Captopril class ACE inhibitors
Captopril action Inhibits angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) reducing production of angiotensin II (a direct vasoconstrictor); Inhibits degradation of bradykinin enhancing production of vasodilatory prostaglandins.
Captopril uses Tx. of HTN
Losartan class Angiotensin receptor blocker (ARBs)
Losartan action Antagonist at Angiotensin type I receptor. (more complete inhibition of Ang II effects than ACE inhibitors)
Losartan uses Tx. of HTN, CHF
Why ARB over ACE inhibitor No cough because bradykinin degraded
Nifedipine class Calcium channel blocker
Nifedipine action Block the inward flow of Ca 2+ into vascular smooth muscle cells, reducing their contractility
Nifedipine uses Tx. of HTN, vasospastic angina, arrhythmias
Nitroglycerine uses Tx. and prophylaxis of angina, tx of CHF, and MI (decreases preload and afterload)
Name 4 Diuretics Furosemide (loop), acetazolamide (carbonic anhydrase inhibitor), hydrochlorothiazide (thiazide), spironolactone (potassium-sparing)
Diuretic action Increase renal excretion of Na+ and thus the equivalent amount of water. (reduces plasma volume and venous return)
Diuretic uses Tx. of HTN, edema, CHF, renal failure
Isoproterenol Class Beta adrenergic agonist
Isoproterenol action B1 and B2 agonist; Increases cAMP and activation of Ca2+ channels. Increases HR, conduction rate, contractility
Isoproterenol uses (b1) Cardiogenic shock, heart failure; (b2) asthma, emphysema
Dobutamine class Beta adrenergic agonist
Dobutamine action B1 agonist Increases cAMP and activation of Ca2+ channels. Increases HR, conduction rate, contractility
Dobutamine uses (b1) Cardiogenic shock, heart failure
Terbutaline class Beta adrenergic agonist
Terbutaline action B2 agonist; bronchodilator and increase cAMP leading to Increases HR, conduction rate, contractility
Terbutaline uses Bronchodilator for asthma and emphysema
Milrinone class Phosphodiesterase inhibitor
Milrinone action Inhibit phosphodiesterase which degrades cAMP
Milrinone uses Tx. of heart failure
Dopamine class Dopamine agonist
Dopamine action Activate Dopamine receptors in renal, mesenteric, cerebral vasculature causing vasodilation. Dopamine is a precursor for NE which causes vasoconstriction
Dopamine uses Dose dependent. Low doses <10 ug/kg/min vasodilate, large doses vasoconstrict
Digoxin class Cardiac glycosides
Digoxin action Directly inhibit Na+/K+ ATPase, increasing intracellular Na+ reducing the transmembrane Na+ gradient, inhibiting Na+/Ca2+ exchange and thus reducing Ca+2 flux out of myocytes
Digoxin uses Heart failure
Propanolol class Beta-blocker
Propanolol action Antagonist at B1, B2 receptors
Propanolol uses HTN
Name Calcium channel blockers Nifedipine (most potent vasodilator), Verapamil, diltiazem
Nifedipine, verapamil, diltiazem action Block inward flow of Ca2+ during phase 2 (plateau) in cardiac AP, and decreased Ca2+ into vascular smooth muscle leading to decreased cardiac output, peripheral resistance, and increase renal blood flow
Nifedipine, verapamil, diltiazem uses HTN
Levosimendan class Calcium sensitizers
Levosimendan action Increases sensitivity of cardiac troponin to Ca2+ and has vasodilator action
Levosimendan uses Heart failure
Dexamethasone Class Corticosteroid
Dexamethasone Action suppress inflammation and the normal immune response, induce apoptosis of lymphocytes
Dexamethasone Uses Respiratory distress, allergies, reduction of inflammation
Ampicillin Class Aminopenicillin
Ampicillin Action Inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis
Gentamicin Class Aminoglycoside
Gentamicin Action Irreversibly binds 30s subunit of ribosome and inhibits bacterial protein synthesis
Created by: dgullicks
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