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cult Anthro ch 7
cult anthro: the human challenge ch 7
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The cultivation of food plants in soil prepared and maintained for crop production. Involves using technologies other than hand tolls, such as irrigation, fertilizers, and the wooden or metal plow pulled by harnessed draft animals. | agriculture |
| The number of individuals that the available resources can support at a given level of food-getting techniques. | carrying capacity |
| In cultural evolution, the development of similar cultural adaptations to similar environmental conditions by different people with different ancestral cultures. | convergent evolution |
| A complex of ideas, activities, and technologies that enable people to survive and even thrive. | cultural adaptation |
| Culture change over time (not to be confused with progress). | cultural evolution |
| A geographic region in which a number of societies follow similar patterns of life. | culture area |
| Cultural features that are fundamental in the society’s way of making its living—including food-producing techniques, knowledge of available resources, and the work arrangements involved in applying those techniques to the local environment. | culture core |
| The number and intensity of interactions among the members of a camp. | density of social relations |
| A system, or a functioning whole, composed of both the natural environment and all the organisms living within it. | ecosystem |
| Hunting, fishing, and gathering wild plant foods. | food foraging |
| Cultivation of crops carried out with simple hand tools such as digging sticks or hoes. | horticulture |
| The New Stone Age; prehistoric period beginning about 10,000 years ago in which peoples possessed stone-based technologies and depended on domesticated plants and/or animals. | Neolithic |
| Sometimes referred to as Neolithic revolution. The profound culture change beginning about 10,000 years ago and associated with the early domestication of plants and animals and settlement in villages. | Neolithic transition |
| In cultural evolution, the development of similar cultural adaptations to similar environmental conditions by peoples whose ancestral cultures were already somewhat alike. | parallel evolution |
| Breeding and managing migratory herds of domesticated grazing animals, such as goats, sheep, cattle, llamas, or camels. | pastoralism |
| rural cultivator whose surpluses r transferred 2 a dominant grou rulers that uses the surpluses both 2 underwrite its standard of living & 2 distribute remainder 2 groups n society that do not farm but must b fed 4 their specific goods & services n turn. | peasant |
| The notion that humans are moving forward to a better, more advanced stage in their cultural development toward perfection. | progress |
| Also known as swidden farming. An extensive form of horticulture in which the natural vegetation is cut, the slash is subsequently burned, and crops are then planted among the ashes. | slash-and-burn cultivation |
| Also known as slash-and-burn. An extensive form of horticulture in which the natural vegetation is cut, the slash is subsequently burned, and crops are then planted among the ashes. | swidden farming |
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kimharris
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