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IMI Phys Ch. 2
Mechanics of Health & Disease -- Key Terms
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Acute pain | Pain that is usually temporary, of sudden onset, & easily localized. Acute pain can be a symptom of a disease process or a temporary aspect of medical treatment. Acting as a warning signal, acute pain activates the sympathetic nervous system. |
| Afferent | Toward a center or point of reference. |
| Anaplasia | Meaning "without shape", the term describes abnormal or undifferentiated cells that fail to mature into specialized cell types. Anaplasia is a characteristic of malignant cells. |
| Benign | Usually describing a noncancerous tumor that is contained and does not spread. |
| Biologic rhythms | The internal, periodic timing component of an organism, also known as a biorhythm. |
| Cancer | Malignant, nonencapsulated cells that invade surrounding tissue. They often break away, or metastasize, from the primary tumor & form secondary cancer masses. |
| Chronic pain | Pain that continues or recurs over a prolonged time, usually for more than 6 months. |
| Dosha | Physiologic function; described in Ayurveda. |
| Efferent | Away from a center or point of reference. |
| Entrainment | A coordination or synchronization with an internal or external rhythm, especially when a person responds to certain patterns by moving in a manner that is coordinated with those patterns. |
| Etiology | The study of the factors involved in the development of disease, including the nature of the disease & the susceptibility of the person. |
| Fistula | A track that is open at both ends, through which abnormal connections occur between two surfaces. |
| Health | A condition of homeostasis resulting in a state of physical, emotional, social, & spiritual well-being. |
| Hyperplasia | An uncontrolled increase in the number of cells of a body part. |
| Inflammation | A protective response of the tissues to irritation or injury that may be chronic or acute. The four primary signs are redness, heat, swelling, & pain. |
| Kapha dosha | Physiologic function that blends the water and earth elements. |
| Neoplasm | The abnormal growth of new tissue. Also called a tumor, a neoplasm may be benign or malignant. |
| Opportunistic pathogens | Organisms that cause disease only when immunity is low in a host. |
| Pain | An unpleasant sensation. |
| Pathogenicity | The ability of an infectious agent to cause disease. |
| Pathology | The study of disease as observed in the structure and function of the body. |
| Phantom pain | A form of pain or other sensation experienced in a missing extemity after after a limb amputation. |
| Pitta dosha | Physiologic function that combines fire and water. |
| Sinus | A tract leading from a cavity to the surface. |
| Somatic pain | Pain that arises from the body wall as opposed to the viscera. |
| Stress | Any external or internal stimulus that requires a change or response so as to prevent an imbalance in the internal environment of the body, mind, or emotions. |
| Vata dosha | Physiologic function formed from ether and air. |
| Virulent | A quality of organisms that readily cause disease. |
| Visceral pain | Pain that results from the stimulation of receptors or an abnormal condition in the viscera (internal organs). |
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