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Ch. Four4
Whole Body Terminology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the smallest and most numerous structural unit of living matter? | Cell |
| What are cells grouped together to perform specialized functions? | Tissues |
| Tissues arranged together to perform a special function are known as? | Organs |
| All cells are surrounded by a ____ ______, which is the cell's outer covering. | Cell membrane |
| What is also known as the plasma membrane? | Cell membrane |
| What is the nucleus? | Central controlling body within a living cell. |
| _____ are threadlike structures, making up the nucleus, that control the functions of growth, repair, and reproduction for the body. | Chromosomes |
| Segements or regions that transmit hereditary characteristics are? | Genes |
| What does the suffix -plasia stand for? | formation; development |
| What does anaplasia mean? | A change in the structure and orientation of cells, characterized by a loss of differentation and reversion to a more primitive form. |
| What is the developmental failure resulting in the absence of any organ or tissue? | Aplasia |
| Any abnormal development of tissues or organs ("disordered formation") is? | Dysplasia |
| What is hyperplasia? | An increase in the # of cells of a body part ("excessive formation"). |
| T/F Chromosomes contain DNA. | True. |
| T/F Hypoplasis is the incomplete or underdeveloped organ or tissue, usually the result of a decrease in the # of cells. | True. |
| T/F Neoplasia is the new and abnormal development of cells that is always malignant. | False. They can be benign or malignant. |
| Any abnormal development of tissues or organs ("disordered formation") is? | Dysplasia |
| What is hyperplasia? | An increase in the # of cells of a body part ("excessive formation"). |
| T/F Chromosomes contain DNA. | True. |
| T/F Hypoplasis is the incomplete or underdeveloped organ or tissue, usually the result of a decrease in the # of cells. | True. |
| T/F Neoplasia is the new and abnormal development of cells that is always malignant. | False. They can be benign or malignant. |
| What is a gel-like substance containing cell organs that carry out the essential functions of the cell. | Cytoplasm |
| What is the navel? | Belly button or umbilicus |
| What is umbilicus sometimes referred to? | Navel or belly button |
| This is pertaining to the surface of the body, or near the surface. | superficial |
| This is pertaining to the front of the body, or toward the belly of the body. | Anterior |
| This is pertaining to the back of the body. | Posterior |
| Of or pertainging to a position toward the belly of the body; frontward; anterior. | Ventral |
| Pertaining to the back or posterior. | Dorsal |
| Toward the midline of the body. | Medial |
| Toward the side of the body, away from the midline of the body. | Lateral |
| T/F Superior is Below or downward toward the back. | False. Above or upward toward the head. |
| T/F Below or downward toward the tail or feet. | True. |
| This pertains to the head. | Cranial |
| This pertains to the tail. | Caudal |
| Away from or farthest from the trunk of the body, or farthest from the point of origin of a body part. | Distal |
| Toward or nearest to the trunk of the body, or nearest to the point of origin of a body part. | Proximal |
| Lying horizontally on the back, faceup. | Supine |
| Lying facedown on the abdomen. | Prone |
| Palms turned upward or forward is known as. | Supination |
| Palms turned downward and backward is known as. | Pronation |
| Pertaining to the sole or bottom of the foot. | Plantar |
| Top of the foot is known as... | Dorsum |
| What is the cavity beneath the thoracic cavity that is seperated from the thoracic cavity by the diaphragm; contains the liver, gallbladder, spleen, stomach, pancreas, intestines, and kidneys? | Abdominal Cavity |
| Anaplasis stands for what? | A change in the structure and orientation of cells, characterized by a loss of differentation and reversion to a more primitive form. |
| What is the standard reference position for the body as a whole: the person is standing with arms at the sides and palms turned forward; the individual's head and feet are also pointing forward? | Anatomical position |
| What is the anterior of the body pertaining to? | Front of the body or toward the belly of the body |
| Anterior refers to... | Belly of the body |
| a- stands for... | without, not |
| What is a developmental failure resulting in the ABSENCE OF any organ or tissue? | aplasia |
| What muscle makes up the wall of the heart? | Cardiac Muscle |
| What pertains to the tail? | Caudal |
| What is the smallest and most numerous structural unit of living matter? | Cell |
| Cell Membrane | Semipermeable barrier that is the outer covering of a cell. |
| C1-C7 | Cervical vertebrae |
| Threadlike structures within the nucleus that control the functions of growth, repair, and reproduction for the body. | Chromosomes |
Created by:
jsorokowski
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