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Ch. Four4

Whole Body Terminology

QuestionAnswer
What is the smallest and most numerous structural unit of living matter? Cell
What are cells grouped together to perform specialized functions? Tissues
Tissues arranged together to perform a special function are known as? Organs
All cells are surrounded by a ____ ______, which is the cell's outer covering. Cell membrane
What is also known as the plasma membrane? Cell membrane
What is the nucleus? Central controlling body within a living cell.
_____ are threadlike structures, making up the nucleus, that control the functions of growth, repair, and reproduction for the body. Chromosomes
Segements or regions that transmit hereditary characteristics are? Genes
What does the suffix -plasia stand for? formation; development
What does anaplasia mean? A change in the structure and orientation of cells, characterized by a loss of differentation and reversion to a more primitive form.
What is the developmental failure resulting in the absence of any organ or tissue? Aplasia
Any abnormal development of tissues or organs ("disordered formation") is? Dysplasia
What is hyperplasia? An increase in the # of cells of a body part ("excessive formation").
T/F Chromosomes contain DNA. True.
T/F Hypoplasis is the incomplete or underdeveloped organ or tissue, usually the result of a decrease in the # of cells. True.
T/F Neoplasia is the new and abnormal development of cells that is always malignant. False. They can be benign or malignant.
Any abnormal development of tissues or organs ("disordered formation") is? Dysplasia
What is hyperplasia? An increase in the # of cells of a body part ("excessive formation").
T/F Chromosomes contain DNA. True.
T/F Hypoplasis is the incomplete or underdeveloped organ or tissue, usually the result of a decrease in the # of cells. True.
T/F Neoplasia is the new and abnormal development of cells that is always malignant. False. They can be benign or malignant.
What is a gel-like substance containing cell organs that carry out the essential functions of the cell. Cytoplasm
What is the navel? Belly button or umbilicus
What is umbilicus sometimes referred to? Navel or belly button
This is pertaining to the surface of the body, or near the surface. superficial
This is pertaining to the front of the body, or toward the belly of the body. Anterior
This is pertaining to the back of the body. Posterior
Of or pertainging to a position toward the belly of the body; frontward; anterior. Ventral
Pertaining to the back or posterior. Dorsal
Toward the midline of the body. Medial
Toward the side of the body, away from the midline of the body. Lateral
T/F Superior is Below or downward toward the back. False. Above or upward toward the head.
T/F Below or downward toward the tail or feet. True.
This pertains to the head. Cranial
This pertains to the tail. Caudal
Away from or farthest from the trunk of the body, or farthest from the point of origin of a body part. Distal
Toward or nearest to the trunk of the body, or nearest to the point of origin of a body part. Proximal
Lying horizontally on the back, faceup. Supine
Lying facedown on the abdomen. Prone
Palms turned upward or forward is known as. Supination
Palms turned downward and backward is known as. Pronation
Pertaining to the sole or bottom of the foot. Plantar
Top of the foot is known as... Dorsum
What is the cavity beneath the thoracic cavity that is seperated from the thoracic cavity by the diaphragm; contains the liver, gallbladder, spleen, stomach, pancreas, intestines, and kidneys? Abdominal Cavity
Anaplasis stands for what? A change in the structure and orientation of cells, characterized by a loss of differentation and reversion to a more primitive form.
What is the standard reference position for the body as a whole: the person is standing with arms at the sides and palms turned forward; the individual's head and feet are also pointing forward? Anatomical position
What is the anterior of the body pertaining to? Front of the body or toward the belly of the body
Anterior refers to... Belly of the body
a- stands for... without, not
What is a developmental failure resulting in the ABSENCE OF any organ or tissue? aplasia
What muscle makes up the wall of the heart? Cardiac Muscle
What pertains to the tail? Caudal
What is the smallest and most numerous structural unit of living matter? Cell
Cell Membrane Semipermeable barrier that is the outer covering of a cell.
C1-C7 Cervical vertebrae
Threadlike structures within the nucleus that control the functions of growth, repair, and reproduction for the body. Chromosomes
Created by: jsorokowski
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