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HeresiesofCatholicsm
Mr. Mauthe's Great Thinker's study from Herasies (test 1)
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| definition of orthodox | correct belief |
| definition of heterodox | of different belief |
| definition of doctrinal diversity | many different teachings; a period of wide variety of religious beliefs within the Church |
| definition of genealogies | the bloodline of a family |
| definition of rhetoric | the art or study of using language |
| definition of expounders | explained or interpreted |
| definition of pretense | active pretending or simulation |
| definition of demiurge | a god credited with the creation of the world |
| definition of portentous | significant or indicative |
| definition of transgress | to violate a law; to "sin" |
| definition of apostasy | leaving one's faith |
| definition of vainglory | excessive elation or pride over on'e achievements, abilities, etc; vanity |
| definition of episcopate | the collective body of bishops |
| definition of heretical | contrary to Church teachings; against the Church |
| definition of perversity | willingly determined to go against what is expected or desired; to behave in an unacceptable way |
| definition of aeon | aka (eon); a period of time |
| who is a writer of the theory of Gnosticism | Valentinus (c. 175 ce) |
| 1 of the 2 biggest herasies about Jesus | Gnosticism |
| basic belief: world creation is corrupt & evil therefore there is a struggle between God & evil therefore Jesus was never human | Gnosticism |
| this theory started as a rejection of God as creator of the world (if God is good then why is there suffering, pain, & evil; if God created the body, why do we decay) | Gnosticism |
| says the God of Christians/Jews wasn't the True God but rather a demiruge | Gnosticism |
| Jesus as "gnosis" knowledge bearer (He brings the knowledge of how to escape physical body & soul goes to the True God; Jesus reveals the True God, not the creator; knowledge of the True God allows one to understand the original harmony of the cosmos | Gnostisicm |
| definition of cosmos | universe without the world in it |
| Christ saves by giving a "cosmic password" to guide the soul to the True God | Gnosticism |
| rejects Jesus' humanity (if flesh is sinful & weak God can't be human; Christ cannot physically suffer b/c he isn't human {he was play acting by God, docetism}) | Gnosticism; Apollinariainism |
| bishop in Lyons France who responded to Gnosticism | Irenaeus (died c. 202) |
| Rule of Faith (invented by Irenaeus) | -always look to the oldest Christian communities (founded by Apostles) to settle disputes -precurser to Pope having lots of power, authority, & being head of the Church |
| orthodox response to Gnosticism | -by Irenaeus -Jesus' humanity has always been accepted by the Church because it's taught by the oldest Churches -no secret knowledge because the bishops don't have it and Irenaeus (being a bishop) would then know it |
| why was Gnosticism a threat to the role of tradition in the Church? | it questioned the authority of the bishops & the Apostles |
| Who was the main teacher of Arianism | Arius (a priest) |
| definition of begotten | coming from the same sbustance |
| definition of made | of different substances; composed of different substances |
| -Jesus is God's greatest creation ("there was a time when Jesus was not") -Jesus is not God but Jesus is savior & Messiah -Jesus is the greatest human | Arianism |
| What heresy did Athanasius oppose? | Arianism |
| Athanasius's response | -Jesus did both human & divine acts (He spits but His spit heals) -dual nature of Christ |
| definition of dual nature of Christ | the understanding that Jesus was totally human & totally divine |
| which heresy outwardly denies the divinity of Jesus | Arianism |
| believed God existed before Jesus | Arianism |
| why did Apollinarius find it impossible that Jesus could possess both a human & a divine mind? | -human mind: changes, doubts, learns -divine mind: unchanging, no doubts, omniscient |
| main teacher of Apollinarianism | Apollinarius |
| Jesus doesn't have a human mind | Apollinarius |
| human mind vs. divine mind | -human mind: changes, doubts, learns -divine mind: unchanging, no doubts, omniscient |
| response to Apollinarianism | Gregory of Nazianzus; Leo the Great |
| "what has not been assumed has not been healed" | Gregory (Jesus needed to have a human mind in order to heal the human mind/to forgive sins of the mind) |
| "totus in sois, totus in nostris" "totally Himself (God), totally like us (human)" | Leo the Great (Jesus entirely assumed both natures (human/divine) in one person |
| main teacher of Nestorianism | Nestorius |
| God existed before Mary and is too great to be confined to a human womb | Nestorianism |
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